Chylismia exilis |
Chylismia parryi |
|
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redclay suncup |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, glandular puberulent and sparsely villous. | Herbs annual, sparsely to densely villous throughout or, sometimes, glabrate distally. |
Stems | slender, unbranched or branched, 10–20 cm. |
often intricately branched, 5–80 cm. |
Leaves | primarily cauline; petiole 0.3–1.8 cm; blade unlobed, narrowly ovate to elliptic, 0.3–2 × 0.3–1 cm, margins entire or inconspicuously denticulate, brownish oil cells lining veins abaxially. |
in poorly defined basal rosette and also cauline; petiole 0.3–3.8 cm; blade usually unlobed, very rarely pinnately lobed with few, small lateral lobes, ovate to elliptic, margins sparsely denticulate to subentire, pale or dark brown oil cells lining veins abaxially. |
Racemes | erect, elongating in fruit. |
nodding, with intricate, filiform branches, elongating in fruit. |
Flowers | opening at sunrise; buds without free tips; floral tube 0.4–0.5 mm, glabrous inside; sepals 1–1.2 mm; petals yellow, fading pale lavender, 1–1.5 mm; stamens 4 (or 8), antisepalous, filaments 0.5 mm, anthers 0.5–0.7 mm, glabrous, when 8, then antipetalous ones smaller and abortive; style 1.5 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
opening at sunrise; buds without free tips; floral tube 0.5–2 mm, glabrous or villous inside; sepals 1.5–4 mm; petals bright yellow, often with red dots near base, fading pale yellow or yellowish orange, 2–7 mm; stamens unequal, filaments of antisepalous stamens 1.7–3.5 mm, those of antipetalous ones 1.2–2.5 mm, anthers 0.9–1.2 mm, glabrous; style 4–9 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | spreading or reflexed, clavate, 4–10 mm; pedicel 3–9 mm. |
erect or ascending, clavate, 4–10 mm; pedicel 4–20 mm. |
Seeds | 0.8 mm. |
0.7–1.2 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Chylismia exilis |
Chylismia parryi |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Jun(–Sep). |
Habitat | Calcareous sand, gypseous clay flats, juniper woodlands. | Red clay and sand slopes weathered from red (freshwater-deposited) sandstone cliffs, with Juniperus or Larrea tridentata. |
Elevation | 1000–1900 m. (3300–6200 ft.) | 800–1300 m. (2600–4300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; UT |
AZ; UT
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Discussion | Chylismia exilis, known from Kane and San Juan counties in Utah and northern Coconino and Mohave counties in Arizona, is cryptic due to its small size. It may not be as rare as assumed, since it is difficult to spot in the field. P. H. Raven (1962, 1969) determined this species to be self-compatible and autogamous. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Chylismia parryi is known from northwestern Arizona (Coconino to Mohave counties) and southwestern Utah (Beaver to Washington counties), and is apparently disjunct to San Juan County, Utah. It is outcrossing and, perhaps, self-incompatible (P. H. Raven 1962, 1969). There are two morphological forms of this species. Raven (1962) noted that a later flowering form has narrower, smaller leaves, and less overall pubescence. It is not clear what these represent, but Raven (1962) made the combination Oenothera parryi forma tenuissima (M. E. Jones) P. H. Raven for it. He later (Raven 1969) noted that these plants did not seem to merit formal recognition, without any discussion. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Oenothera exilis, Camissonia exilis | Oenothera parryi, Camissonia parryi, C. tenuissima, O. scapoidea var. parryi, O. tenuissima |
Name authority | (P. H. Raven) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 207. (2007) | (S. Watson) Small: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 193. (1896) — (as Chylisma) |
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