Chylismia exilis |
Chylismia multijuga |
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froststem suncup |
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Habit | Herbs annual, glandular puberulent and sparsely villous. | Herbs annual or biennial, villous, at least proximally, glabrous or even glaucous distally, rarely glandular puberulent. |
Stems | slender, unbranched or branched, 10–20 cm. |
virgate with numerous divergent branches, 20–150 cm. |
Leaves | primarily cauline; petiole 0.3–1.8 cm; blade unlobed, narrowly ovate to elliptic, 0.3–2 × 0.3–1 cm, margins entire or inconspicuously denticulate, brownish oil cells lining veins abaxially. |
primarily in well-developed basal rosette, cauline reduced or absent, 6–30 × 1.4–6.5 cm; petiole 0.3–6 cm; blade pinnately or bipinnately lobed, terminal lobe ovate to elliptic, 2.5–6.5 × 1.5–3 cm, margins irregularly serrate, dark brown oil cells prominently lining veins abaxially. |
Racemes | erect, elongating in fruit. |
erect to nodding, elongating in bud. |
Flowers | opening at sunrise; buds without free tips; floral tube 0.4–0.5 mm, glabrous inside; sepals 1–1.2 mm; petals yellow, fading pale lavender, 1–1.5 mm; stamens 4 (or 8), antisepalous, filaments 0.5 mm, anthers 0.5–0.7 mm, glabrous, when 8, then antipetalous ones smaller and abortive; style 1.5 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
opening at sunrise; buds individually reflexed, with apical or slightly subapical free tips less than 1 mm; floral tube 1–3 mm, glabrous or villous inside proximally; sepals 3–8 mm; petals usually bright yellow, rarely cream, fading yellow to lavender, 4–9 mm; stamens unequal, filaments of antisepalous stamens 2.5–4 mm, those of antipetalous ones 1.3–3 mm, anthers 2–4 mm, ciliate; style 7–11 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | spreading or reflexed, clavate, 4–10 mm; pedicel 3–9 mm. |
usually spreading, rarely slightly reflexed, oblong-cylindrical, 10–52 mm; pedicel 7–20 mm. |
Seeds | 0.8 mm. |
1–1.3 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Chylismia exilis |
Chylismia multijuga |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Jun(–Sep). |
Habitat | Calcareous sand, gypseous clay flats, juniper woodlands. | Forming colonies on rocky slopes and banks of eroded sedimentaries, on gypsum or limestone, on conglomerates, often with Juniperus and Pinus edulis, with Encelia farinosa and Larrea. |
Elevation | 1000–1900 m. (3300–6200 ft.) | 300–1100 m. (1000–3600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; UT |
AZ; NV; UT
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Discussion | Chylismia exilis, known from Kane and San Juan counties in Utah and northern Coconino and Mohave counties in Arizona, is cryptic due to its small size. It may not be as rare as assumed, since it is difficult to spot in the field. P. H. Raven (1962, 1969) determined this species to be self-compatible and autogamous. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Chylismia multijuga is known from Washington County, Utah, and southern Lincoln County, Nevada, to northern Mohave County, Arizona. P. H. Raven (1962, 1969) determined this species to be self-incompatible. It hybridizes with C. brevipes subspp. brevipes and pallidula. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Oenothera exilis, Camissonia exilis | Oenothera multijuga, Camissonia multijuga, Chylisma hirta, C. parviflora, C. venosa, O. brevipes var. multijuga, O. brevipes var. parviflora, O. multijuga var. parviflora, O. phlebophylla, O. watsonii |
Name authority | (P. H. Raven) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 207. (2007) | (S. Watson) Small: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 193. (1896) — (as Chylisma) |
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