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Fortuna Range suncup, sand evening-primrose

Habit Herbs perennial, sometimes facultative annual, villous, sometimes also sparsely glandular puberulent in inflorescences. Herbs annual, glandular puberulent and sparsely villous.
Stems

well branched, 25–180 cm.

slender, unbranched or branched, 10–20 cm.

Leaves

cauline, often mostly toward base;

petiole 3–6 cm;

blade cordate-deltate, 2.5–4(–6) × 2.5–4(–6) cm, smaller distally, margins coarsely dentate.

primarily cauline;

petiole 0.3–1.8 cm;

blade unlobed, narrowly ovate to elliptic, 0.3–2 × 0.3–1 cm, margins entire or inconspicuously denticulate, brownish oil cells lining veins abaxially.

Racemes

nodding, open.

erect, elongating in fruit.

Flowers

floral tube 18–40 mm, finely pubescent inside;

sepals 8–15 mm;

petals bright to pale yellow, 8–20 mm;

filaments 5–9 mm, anthers 5–8 mm;

style 30–58 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.

opening at sunrise;

buds without free tips;

floral tube 0.4–0.5 mm, glabrous inside;

sepals 1–1.2 mm;

petals yellow, fading pale lavender, 1–1.5 mm;

stamens 4 (or 8), antisepalous, filaments 0.5 mm, anthers 0.5–0.7 mm, glabrous, when 8, then antipetalous ones smaller and abortive;

style 1.5 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

Capsules

ascending, cylindrical, 30–44 mm;

pedicel 2–5 mm.

spreading or reflexed, clavate, 4–10 mm;

pedicel 3–9 mm.

Seeds

0.5–0.7 mm.

0.8 mm.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Chylismia arenaria

Chylismia exilis

Phenology Flowering Mar–Apr. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Sandy washes, rocky slopes, desert scrub in Sonoran Desert shrublands, usually with Ambrosia dumosa, Carnegiea, Larrea tridentata, and Prosopis. Calcareous sand, gypseous clay flats, juniper woodlands.
Elevation -50–500 m. (-200–1600 ft.) 1000–1900 m. (3300–6200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; Mexico (Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Chylismia arenaria is known from the foot of the Needles in Mohave County, Arizona, and from the north end of the Salton Sea, Riverside County, California, southeastward to the Tinajas Atlas Range, Arizona, and Sonora, Mexico. P. H. Raven (1962, 1969) determined C. arenaria to be self-compatible, but primarily outcrossing.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Chylismia exilis, known from Kane and San Juan counties in Utah and northern Coconino and Mohave counties in Arizona, is cryptic due to its small size. It may not be as rare as assumed, since it is difficult to spot in the field. P. H. Raven (1962, 1969) determined this species to be self-compatible and autogamous.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Chylismia > sect. Lignothera Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Chylismia > sect. Chylismia
Sibling taxa
C. atwoodii, C. brevipes, C. cardiophylla, C. claviformis, C. confertiflora, C. eastwoodiae, C. exilis, C. heterochroma, C. megalantha, C. multijuga, C. munzii, C. parryi, C. scapoidea, C. specicola, C. walkeri
C. arenaria, C. atwoodii, C. brevipes, C. cardiophylla, C. claviformis, C. confertiflora, C. eastwoodiae, C. heterochroma, C. megalantha, C. multijuga, C. munzii, C. parryi, C. scapoidea, C. specicola, C. walkeri
Synonyms Camissonia arenaria, Oenothera arenaria, O. cardiophylla var. longituba, O. cardiophylla var. splendens Oenothera exilis, Camissonia exilis
Name authority A. Nelson: Amer. J. Bot. 21: 575. (1934) — (as Chylisma) (P. H. Raven) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 207. (2007)
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