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pinyon spineflower, riverside spineflower, Xantus' spineflower

riverside spineflower, Xantus' spineflower

Habit Plants erect to infrequently spreading, (0.3–)0.5–2.5(–3) × 0.5–3(–5) dm, thinly pubescent.
Leaves

basal or nearly so;

petiole 1–2(–3) cm;

blade oblong or oblong-ovate to ovate, 0.3–1(–1.5) × 0.3–0.8(–1) cm, thinly pubescent adaxially, densely tomentose abaxially.

Inflorescences

mostly flat-topped and openly branched, usually reddish;

bracts persistent, 2, usually leaflike at proximal nodes and similar to proximal leaf blades only more reduced, short-petiolate, oblong-ovate to ovate, 0.3–0.8 cm × 2–6 mm, becoming sessile, reduced and scalelike at distal nodes, linear, acicular, often acerose, 0.1–0.4 cm × 0.5–1 mm, awns straight, 0.5–1 mm.

Involucres

thinly pubescent.

in open clusters with 1 at node of dichotomies, reddish, cylindric, not ventricose, 3–4.5 mm, not corrugate, without scarious or membranous margins, thinly to densely pubescent;

teeth spreading, unequal, 0.7–1.5 mm, 3 longer ones more erect than 3 shorter and less-prominent ones;

awns uncinate, 0.5–1 mm.

Flowers

long-exserted;

perianth rose to red, infrequently with white lobes, cylindric, 4.5–6 mm, pubescent;

tepals connate ca. 2/3 their length, monomorphic to slightly dimorphic, narrowly oblanceolate, rounded apically, those of outer whorl occasionally slightly broader and longer than those of inner whorl;

stamens 9, mostly included;

filaments distinct, 4–6 mm, glabrous;

anthers pink to red, oblong, 0.5–0.6 mm.

Achenes

brown, lenticular, 4–4.5 mm.

2n

= 38, 42.

Chorizanthe xanti var. xanti

Chorizanthe xanti

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Sandy to gravelly places in mixed grassland, saltbush and chaparral communities, pine-oak woodlands
Elevation (60-)300-1600 m ((200-)1000-5200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Variety xanti is found in the Coast Ranges from western Merced, eastern Monterey, and San Benito counties south to the Transverse Ranges of northern Santa Barbara and Ventura counties, thence eastward along the northern foothills of the San Gabriel and San Bernardino mountains to extreme southwestern San Bernardino County, and then northward through the Tehachapi Mountains of central and eastern Kern County onto the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, going as far north as Madera County. In 1935, a disjunct population was sampled near Benton Station in southern Mono County (Robinson & Lindner 20, RSA) but it has not been recollected.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucres thinly pubescent
var. xanti
1. Involucres densely white-pubescent
var. leucotheca
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 464. FNA vol. 5, p. 463.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala > Chorizanthe xanti Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala
Sibling taxa
C. xanti var. leucotheca
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri
Subordinate taxa
C. xanti var. leucotheca, C. xanti var. xanti
Name authority unknown S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 272. (1877)
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