Chorizanthe stellulata |
Chorizanthe howellii |
|
---|---|---|
starlet spineflower, starlite spineflower |
Howell's spineflower, Mendocino spineflower |
|
Habit | Plants erect, 0.5–2.5(–3) × 0.5–3 dm, hirsute. | Plants spreading or decumbent to somewhat erect, 0.3–1 × 1–5 dm, villous. |
Leaves | basal; petiole 0.1–0.5 cm; blade narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 0.5–2 × 0.8–2(–2.2) cm, hirsute. |
basal or nearly so; petiole 1–4 cm; blade spatulate to broadly obovate, 1–3 × 0.5–1.5(–1.8) cm, villous. |
Inflorescences | cymose, dichotomously branched throughout, white to greenish or reddish; bracts usually 2, similar to leaves at proximal nodes only reduced, typically with whorl of 3–5 ca. midstem, short-petiolate, becoming linear and aciculate at distal nodes, acerose, 0.5–2(–3) cm × 10–30(–40) mm, awns absent. |
with secondary branches suppressed, greenish to grayish; bracts 2, similar to proximal leaf blades only reduced, short-petiolate, becoming linear and aciculate at distal nodes, acerose, 1–5 cm × 5–15 mm, awns absent. |
Involucres | congested in small bracteated terminal clusters of 2–4 at node of dichotomies, tannish, cylindric, slightly ventricose basally, 3–4 mm, with conspicuous, white, broad, membranous margins typically extending up tooth to awn, finely corrugated, hispid at least along ridges, otherwise sparsely pubescent; teeth spreading, equal, 1–1.5 mm, awns straight, 0.5–1 mm. |
1, greenish to grayish, broadly cylindric, not ventricose, 3–4 mm, with conspicuous, white, scarious margins between teeth and extending up awn, not corrugate, pubescent; teeth spreading, equal, 0.5–1 mm, awns straight with longer ones 1–2 mm and anterior one mostly 2 mm, these alternating with shorter (0.5–1 mm) ones. |
Flowers | exserted; perianth cream to creamy white or rose, cylindric, 4–4.5(–5) mm, slightly pubescent abaxially; tepals connate 2/3 their length, monomorphic, obovate, obcordate to 2-lobed apically, sometimes slightly irregular but not distinctly erose; stamens 9, slightly exserted; filaments distinct, 4–5 mm, glabrous; anthers pink to red, oblong, 0.5–0.6 mm. |
exserted; perianth bicolored with floral tube white and tepals white to rose, cylindric, (3–)3.5–4.5 mm, pubescent nearly throughout; tepals connate 1/4 their length, dimorphic, oblong, truncate and erose to denticulate apically, those of outer lobes longer and wider than inner ones; stamens 9, included; filaments distinct, 3–4 mm, glabrous; anthers pink to red, oblong, 0.6–0.8 mm. |
Achenes | light brown, globose-lenticular, 3.5–4.5 mm. |
light brown, globose-lenticular, 3–4.5 mm. |
2n | = 38, 40, 44. |
= (72, 74, 76, 78), 80, (82, 84, 86, 88, 90). |
Chorizanthe stellulata |
Chorizanthe howellii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, mixed grassland and chaparral communities, oak-pine woodlands | Sandy places in coastal dunes and grassland communities |
Elevation | 30-900 m (100-3000 ft) | 0-20 m (0-100 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
CA |
Discussion | Chorizanthe stellulata can be locally common in the foothills bordering the Central Valley from Shasta County south to Stanislaus County on the western side, and to Tulare County on the eastern side. Post-flowering specimens of starlite spineflower and Douglas’s spineflower are sometimes difficult to distinguish. The margins of the involucre in the former are always white; those of C. douglasii are purple. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Chorizanthe howellii is an octoploid probably derived from an ancient hybrid event involving C. cuspidata var. villosa and perhaps C. valida. It is known only from a dune area north of Fort Bragg in Mendocino County, and is federally listed as endangered. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 452. | FNA vol. 5, p. 456. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala | Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Bentham: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle., Prodr. 14: 26. (1856) | Goodman: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 44, plate 3, fig. 1. (1934) |
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