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Parry's spineflower, San Bernardino spineflower, San Fernando Valley spineflower

Sonoma spineflower

Habit Plants prostrate to spreading, 0.2–0.8(–1) × 0.5–4(–6) dm, strigose. Plants erect to spreading, 1–3 × 1–6 dm, villous.
Leaves

basal;

petiole 0.5–2(–3.5) cm;

blade oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, 0.5–2.5(–4) × 0.2–0.6(–1.2) cm, thinly pubescent.

basal or nearly so;

petiole 1–3 cm;

blade broadly oblanceolate, 1–2.5(–5) × 0.4–0.8(–1.2) cm, usually villous.

Inflorescences

with involucres in small, open clusters 0.3–1 cm diam., greenish or grayish to reddish;

bracts 2, sessile, usually leaflike, oblanceolate to elliptic, 0.5–1.5 cm × 1.5–7 mm, gradually reduced and becoming scalelike at distal nodes, linear, aciculate, acerose, 0.1–0.5 cm × 1–2 mm, awns straight, 0.4–1 mm.

with secondary branches suppressed, grayish;

bracts 2, similar to proximal leaf blades only reduced, short-petiolate, becoming linear and aciculate at distal nodes, acerose, 1–3 cm × 6–10 mm, awns absent.

Involucres

3–5, greenish or grayish to reddish, urceolate, slightly ventricose basally, 1.5–2 mm, corrugate, without scarious or membranous margins, pubescent;

teeth widely spreading to divergent or recurved, equal, 0.5–1.5 mm or 1–3 mm;

awns uncinate or straight, unequal, alternating 0.5–1.5 mm and 0.2–0.5 mm.

1, grayish, cylindric, not ventricose,3–4(–4.5) mm, with white, scarious margins between teeth, finely corrugate, thinly pubescent;

teeth erect, equal, 0.3–0.7(–1) mm;

awns straight, with longer ones 0.7–1.3 mm and anterior one mostly 1.3 mm, these alternating with shorter, 0.5–1(–1.2) mm ones.

Flowers

slightly exserted;

perianth bicolored with floral tube greenish white and tepals white, cylindric, 2.5–3 mm, sparsely pubescent;

tepals connate 2/3 their length, slightly dimorphic, those of outer whorl oblong to oblong-ovate, 1.5 times longer than those of inner whorl, rounded, erose or rarely some entire to denticulate apically, those of inner whorl linear-oblanceolate, acute, entire or denticulate apically;

stamens 9, included;

filaments distinct, 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

anthers white, ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm.

exserted;

perianth bicolored with floral tube white and tepals white to lavender or rose, cylindric, (4–)5–6 mm, pubescent on proximal 1/2;

tepals connate 1/4 their length, dimorphic, oblong, truncate and erose to denticulate, sometimes individual lobes entire, 2-lobed or even cuspidate apically, those of outer lobes longer and wider than inner ones;

stamens 9, included;

filaments distinct, 2–4.5 mm, glabrous;

anthers pink to red or maroon, oblong, 0.6–0.8(–1) mm.

Achenes

brown, globose-lenticular, 2.5–3 mm.

light brown, lenticular-globose, 3–4.5 mm.

Chorizanthe parryi

Chorizanthe valida

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Sandy places, coastal grassland communities
Elevation 10-100 m (0-300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Chorizanthe valida may be distinguished by the highly colored involucre. The teeth and bases of awns are bright red. The awns then quickly transform to a bright ivory and this color dominates nearly the length of each awn. In the more inland populations (now extirpated), the awns observed in the old collections appear to be a straw color. It is not known if this is an artifact of age or potentially significant. Sonoma spineflower is now known only from grassy fields south of Abbott’s Lagoon in the Point Reyes area of Marin County (L. Davis and R. J. Sherman 1990, 1992). The last collection from Sonoma County was made at Sebastopol in 1907. The type, collected in 1841, apparently was gathered near Fort Ross, also in Sonoma County. This species is federally listed as endangered.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucral awns uncinate
var. parryi
1. Involucral awns straight
var. fernandina
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 461. FNA vol. 5, p. 456.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala
Sibling taxa
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
Subordinate taxa
C. parryi var. fernandina, C. parryi var. parryi
Name authority S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 271. (1877) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 271. (1877)
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