Chorizanthe parryi |
Chorizanthe biloba |
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Parry's spineflower, San Bernardino spineflower, San Fernando Valley spineflower |
two lobed spineflower, twolobe spineflower |
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Habit | Plants prostrate to spreading, 0.2–0.8(–1) × 0.5–4(–6) dm, strigose. | Plants erect or infrequently spreading, (0.5–)1–3(–4) × 1–3(–4) dm, pubescent. | ||||||||
Leaves | basal; petiole 0.5–2(–3.5) cm; blade oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, 0.5–2.5(–4) × 0.2–0.6(–1.2) cm, thinly pubescent. |
basal; petiole 0.5–3 cm; blade oblanceolate, 1–3(–5) × 0.4–1(–1.3) cm, thinly pubescent. |
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Inflorescences | with involucres in small, open clusters 0.3–1 cm diam., greenish or grayish to reddish; bracts 2, sessile, usually leaflike, oblanceolate to elliptic, 0.5–1.5 cm × 1.5–7 mm, gradually reduced and becoming scalelike at distal nodes, linear, aciculate, acerose, 0.1–0.5 cm × 1–2 mm, awns straight, 0.4–1 mm. |
with involucres in open clusters 2–4(–6) cm diam., greenish or reddish to purplish; bracts 2–3 at proximal node, usually leaflike, often with whorl of sessile bracts ca. midstem, elliptic, 0.5–1.5 cm × 2–6 mm, gradually becoming lanceolate to elliptic, 0.2–2 cm × 1.5–8 mm, at distal nodes scalelike, linear and aciculate, acerose, awns straight, 1–3 mm. |
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Involucres | 3–5, greenish or grayish to reddish, urceolate, slightly ventricose basally, 1.5–2 mm, corrugate, without scarious or membranous margins, pubescent; teeth widely spreading to divergent or recurved, equal, 0.5–1.5 mm or 1–3 mm; awns uncinate or straight, unequal, alternating 0.5–1.5 mm and 0.2–0.5 mm. |
3–10 or more, grayish or reddish, urceolate and slightly ventricose basally, 4–6 mm, without scarious or membranous margins, slightly corrugate, strigose; teeth erect to spreading, unequal, 1–2 mm; awns mostly uncinate, 0.5–2 mm, with longer anterior one straight, mostly 2 mm. |
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Flowers | slightly exserted; perianth bicolored with floral tube greenish white and tepals white, cylindric, 2.5–3 mm, sparsely pubescent; tepals connate 2/3 their length, slightly dimorphic, those of outer whorl oblong to oblong-ovate, 1.5 times longer than those of inner whorl, rounded, erose or rarely some entire to denticulate apically, those of inner whorl linear-oblanceolate, acute, entire or denticulate apically; stamens 9, included; filaments distinct, 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; anthers white, ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
exserted; perianth bicolored with floral tube white to yellow and tepals red, maroon, or dark purple, cylindric, (4.5–)5–6 mm, sparsely pubescent; tepals connate 1/2 their length, dimorphic, obovate, those of outer whorl spreading, slightly longer than those of inner whorl, 2-lobed, emarginate, or subacute apically, those of inner whorl erect, obtuse, fimbriate apically; stamens 9, exserted; filaments distinct, 4–5 mm, glabrous; anthers yellow to golden, oblong, 1.2–1.8 mm. |
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Achenes | brown, globose-lenticular, 2.5–3 mm. |
brown, globose-lenticular, 4–4.5 mm. |
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2n | = (34, 36, 38), 40, (42, 44, 46). |
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Chorizanthe parryi |
Chorizanthe biloba |
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Distribution |
CA
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CA
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Unlike the serpentine species Chorizanthe palmeri and C. ventricosa, C. biloba occurs on gravelly or clayey soils. Those species and C. obovata can be quickly differentiated by carefully examining the colors, shapes, and modifications of the tepals. Immature specimens can be difficult to place, but a combination of geographic location and edaphic features can often enable accurate identification of even fragmentary material. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 461. | FNA vol. 5, p. 458. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | C. palmeri var. biloba | |||||||||
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 271. (1877) | Goodman: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 73. (1934) | ||||||||
Web links |