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Orcutt spineflower, Orcutt's spineflower, San Diego spineflower

narrow-leaf spineflower

Habit Plants prostrate, 0.1–0.5 × 0.3–2(–2.5) dm, villous. Plants decumbent or prostrate, 0.3–1 × 0.5–10(–13) dm, villous.
Leaves

basal;

petiole 1–2 cm;

blade narrowly oblanceolate, 0.5–1.5 × 0.2–0.35(–0.5) cm, thinly pubescent.

basal;

petiole 1–4 cm;

blade oblanceolate, (0.5–)1–4(–5) × (0.2–)0.3–0.6 cm, villous.

Inflorescences

with involucres in small clusters 0.5–1 cm diam., greenish;

bracts 2, sessile, unequal, 1 laminar and oblanceolate, 0.3–1 cm × 1–3 mm, awnless, this opposite linear, acicular, greatly reduced, 0.1–0.2 cm × 0.3–0.6 mm bract terminated by short, straight awn 0.6–1 mm.

rather dense with secondary branches suppressed, grayish to reddish;

bracts 2, similar to proximal leaf blades only reduced, short-petiolate, becoming linear and aciculate at distal nodes, acerose, 1–4 cm × 2–8(–10) mm, awns absent.

Involucres

1, greenish, campanulate, 3-ribbed, 0.8–2 mm, faintly corrugate, pubescent;

teeth 3, equal, 1.8–2 mm;

awns uncinate, 0.6–1 mm.

1, reddish, cylindric, not ventricose, 1.5–2(–2.5) mm, without scarious margins or if so then pinkish, thin, and restricted to basal portion of teeth, not corrugate, villous abaxially;

teeth spreading, equal, 0.5–1.5(–2) mm;

awns uncinate with longer ones 1.5–2.5 mm and anterior one mostly 2–2.5 mm, these alternating with shorter 1–1.5 mm ones.

Flowers

1, included to slightly exserted;

perianth yellow, cylindric, 1.5–1.8 mm, densely pubescent abaxially;

tepals connate ca. 1/2 their length, monomorphic, narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse to truncate, entire apically, slightly spreading;

stamens 9, slightly exserted;

filaments distinct, 0.5–0.8 mm, glabrous;

anthers reddish, ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm.

slightly exserted;

perianth bicolored with floral tube white and tepals white to rose, campanulate, 2–3 mm, pubescent abaxially;

tepals connate 1/3 their length, monomorphic, oblong, usually rounded and erose apically;

stamens 3 or 6–9, slightly exserted;

filaments distinct, 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

anthers cream to rose, ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm.

Achenes

dark brown, lenticular, 2–2.2 mm.

light brown, globose-lenticular, 2–2.5 mm.

2n

= (76, 78), 80, (84).

= 38, 40, (42, 44, 46).

Chorizanthe orcuttiana

Chorizanthe angustifolia

Phenology Flowering Mar–May. Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Sandy soil, mesas and hills near coast, coastal scrub communities Sandy places, coastal scrub communities, pine-oak woodlands
Elevation 60-200 m (200-700 ft) 10-500 m (0-1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Chorizanthe orcuttiana is known from a few populations on coastal mesas and hills near San Diego, San Diego County. It is federally listed as endangered. The species is an octoploid that may well have resulted from an ancient hybridization and doubling of chromosomes involving C. procumbens and C. polygonoides var. longispina. The Orcutt spineflower grows in soft, white sand; C. procumbens and C. polygonoides var. longispina are restricted to gravelly sites.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Chorizanthe angustifolia is common along the immediate coast and mesas mainly in west-central California. Plants with slightly scarious, pink involucral margins have been distinguished as var. eastwoodiae, but as both this and the nonscarious var. angustifolia occur together, no distinction is made here. William Gambel obtained the only collection known from Los Angeles County in the 1840s; it has not been found there since. Narrow-leaf spineflower often grows with C. diffusa in intermingled populations and care must be taken to avoid mixed collections.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 467. FNA vol. 5, p. 454.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Acanthogonum Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala
Sibling taxa
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
Synonyms C. angustifolia var. eastwoodiae
Name authority Parry: Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci. 4: 54. (1884) Nuttall: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 4: 17. (1848)
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