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Howell's spineflower, Mendocino spineflower

pink spineflower

Habit Plants spreading or decumbent to somewhat erect, 0.3–1 × 1–5 dm, villous. Plants 1–6(–10) × 0.5–3(–5) dm, woolly-floccose.
Leaves

basal or nearly so;

petiole 1–4 cm;

blade spatulate to broadly obovate, 1–3 × 0.5–1.5(–1.8) cm, villous.

basal and cauline;

petiole 0.1–0.5(–0.8) cm;

blade linear to narrowly oblanceolate, (1–)1.5–5 × 0.1–0.3 cm, thinly to densely floccose adaxially, densely tomentose abaxially.

Inflorescences

with secondary branches suppressed, greenish to grayish;

bracts 2, similar to proximal leaf blades only reduced, short-petiolate, becoming linear and aciculate at distal nodes, acerose, 1–5 cm × 5–15 mm, awns absent.

strict, white to greenish, open;

bracts usually 2, opposite, rarely in whorls of 3–5, short-petiolate, acerose, similar to proximal leaf blades only reduced, 0.3–3 cm × 1–3 mm, awns straight, 0.5–1 mm.

Involucres

1, greenish to grayish, broadly cylindric, not ventricose, 3–4 mm, with conspicuous, white, scarious margins between teeth and extending up awn, not corrugate, pubescent;

teeth spreading, equal, 0.5–1 mm, awns straight with longer ones 1–2 mm and anterior one mostly 2 mm, these alternating with shorter (0.5–1 mm) ones.

usually congested in small terminal clusters of 1–3 at node of dichotomies, urceolate, ventricose basally, 3-angled, 6-ribbed, 3–4 mm, not corrugate, with conspicuous, white margins extending across sinuses, tomentose to floccose or glabrate with age, greenish to brownish;

teeth 6;

awns uncinate, 0.7–1.5 mm.

Flowers

exserted;

perianth bicolored with floral tube white and tepals white to rose, cylindric, (3–)3.5–4.5 mm, pubescent nearly throughout;

tepals connate 1/4 their length, dimorphic, oblong, truncate and erose to denticulate apically, those of outer lobes longer and wider than inner ones;

stamens 9, included;

filaments distinct, 3–4 mm, glabrous;

anthers pink to red, oblong, 0.6–0.8 mm.

1(–2), slightly exserted;

perianth white to rose, subcylindric, (1.5–)2.5–3 mm, densely pubescent abaxially;

tepals connate 2/3 their length, slightly dimorphic, entire and rounded apically, those of outer whorl obovate, those of inner whorl spatulate;

stamens slightly exserted;

filaments 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous;

anthers pink to red, oval, 0.2–0.3 mm.

Achenes

light brown, globose-lenticular, 3–4.5 mm.

2.5–3 mm.

2n

= (72, 74, 76, 78), 80, (82, 84, 86, 88, 90).

= 38, 40, (42), 80, 82, 84.

Chorizanthe howellii

Chorizanthe membranacea

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Sandy places in coastal dunes and grassland communities Sandy to gravelly or rocky flats and slopes, mixed grassland and chaparral communities, oak-pine woodlands
Elevation 0-20 m (0-100 ft) 40-1400(-1600) m (100-4600(-5200) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Chorizanthe howellii is an octoploid probably derived from an ancient hybrid event involving C. cuspidata var. villosa and perhaps C. valida. It is known only from a dune area north of Fort Bragg in Mendocino County, and is federally listed as endangered.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Chorizanthe membranacea has long been considered an isolated element among the spineflowers. The strict, upright habit, numerous basal and cauline leaves, and broad, continuous, membranous margins of the involucre all reflect that isolation. Pink spineflower is widespread and often locally common in the Coast Ranges of southwestern Oregon and California and on the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada southward to the Transverse Ranges and the Tehachapi Mountains of Ventura and Kern counties, California.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 456. FNA vol. 5, p. 450.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Eriogonella
Sibling taxa
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
Synonyms Eriogonella membranacea
Name authority Goodman: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 44, plate 3, fig. 1. (1934) Bentham: Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 419, plate 17, fig. 11. (1836)
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