The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

San Francisco spineflower

Santa Barbara spineflower, Wheeler's spineflower

Habit Plants decumbent to prostrate or ascending, 0.5–2(–2.5) × 0.5–10 dm, villous. Plants erect to spreading, 0.5–2(–2.5) × 1–2 dm, thinly pubescent.
Leaves

basal;

petiole (0.5–)1–3 cm;

blade oblanceolate, (0.5–)1–5 × (0.3–)0.4–0.7(–1) cm, villous.

basal;

petiole 0.5–3 cm;

blade elliptic to oblong, 0.5–2 × 0.2–0.6 cm, thinly pubescent adaxially, tomentose abaxially.

Inflorescences

rather dense with secondary branches suppressed, greenish to reddish;

bracts 2, similar to proximal leaf blades only reduced, short-petiolate, becoming narrowly elliptic to linear-lanceolate and aciculate at distal nodes, acerose, 0.5–5 cm × 2–7 mm, awns 0.5–1.2 mm.

mostly flat-topped, openly branched, greenish to reddish;

bracts persistent, 2, usually leaflike at proximal nodes and similar to leaf blades, short-petiolate, oblong, 0.5–1.2 cm × 2–4 mm, sessile, reduced and scalelike at distal nodes, linear, acicular, often acerose, 0.1–0.5 cm × 0.5–1 mm, awns straight, 0.5–1 mm.

Involucres

1, greenish, cylindric, often ventricose basally, 1–3 mm, without scarious margins or if so then white to pink, thin, and restricted to basal portions of teeth, corrugate, villous abaxially;

teeth spreading, equal, 0.5–2 mm;

awns uncinate or straight with longer ones 2–3 mm and anterior one mostly 2.5–3 mm, these alternating with shorter 1–1.5(–1.7) mm ones.

in dense terminal clusters with 1 at node of dichotomies, reddish, cylindric, not ventricose, 2–2.5 mm, corrugate, without scarious or membranous margins, thinly pubescent with stoutish, recurved hairs;

teeth spreading, unequal, 0.3–0.8(–1) mm, with 3 longer ones more erect than 3 shorter and less-prominent ones;

awns uncinate, 0.3–0.5 mm.

Flowers

included to slightly exserted;

perianth bicolored with floral tube white and tepals white to rose, cylindric, 2–3 mm, pubescent abaxially;

tepals connate less than 1/4 their length, monomorphic, oblong, truncate to 3-lobed and distinctly cuspidate apically;

stamens 9, slightly exserted;

filaments distinct, 2–3 mm, glabrous;

anthers cream to rose, narrowly oblong, 0.3–0.4 mm.

exserted;

perianth white or rose or red with white lobes, cylindric, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous except for few scattered hairs ca. midlength along midrib abaxially;

tepals connate 1/2 their length, monomorphic to slightly dimorphic, oblong, rounded apically, those of outer whorl usually slightly broader and longer than those of inner whorl;

stamens 6, included;

filaments distinct, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous;

anthers pink to red, oblong, 0.3–0.4 mm.

Achenes

light brown, globose-lenticular, 2–3 mm.

brown, lenticular, 2.5–3 mm.

Chorizanthe cuspidata

Chorizanthe wheeleri

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Gravelly to rocky slopes, coastal scrub communities
Elevation 0-400(-600) m (0-1300(-2000) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Chorizanthe wheeleri is a rare insular endemic known only from Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucral awns uncinate apically; San Francisco area
var. cuspidata
1. Involucral awns straight, rarely curved or with 1 awn uncinate; Marin and Sonoma counties
var. villosa
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 454. FNA vol. 5, p. 464.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala
Sibling taxa
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. xanti
Subordinate taxa
C. cuspidata var. cuspidata, C. cuspidata var. villosa
Synonyms C. pungens var. cuspidata C. insularis
Name authority S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 379. (1882) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 272. (1877)
Web links