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San Francisco spineflower

knotweed spineflower

Habit Plants decumbent to prostrate or ascending, 0.5–2(–2.5) × 0.5–10 dm, villous. Plants prostrate, 0.1–0.5 × 0.3–2(–2.5) dm, villous.
Leaves

basal;

petiole (0.5–)1–3 cm;

blade oblanceolate, (0.5–)1–5 × (0.3–)0.4–0.7(–1) cm, villous.

basal;

petiole 0.5–1 cm;

blade oblanceolate to elliptic, 0.3–1 × 0.2–0.3 cm, thinly pubescent.

Inflorescences

rather dense with secondary branches suppressed, greenish to reddish;

bracts 2, similar to proximal leaf blades only reduced, short-petiolate, becoming narrowly elliptic to linear-lanceolate and aciculate at distal nodes, acerose, 0.5–5 cm × 2–7 mm, awns 0.5–1.2 mm.

with involucres in small clusters 0.5–1 cm across even at dichotomies, greenish or reddish;

bracts 2, petiolate or sessile, similar to proximal leaf blades, oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic to linear-lanceolate, 0.3–1 cm × 1–3 mm, awns absent.

Involucres

1, greenish, cylindric, often ventricose basally, 1–3 mm, without scarious margins or if so then white to pink, thin, and restricted to basal portions of teeth, corrugate, villous abaxially;

teeth spreading, equal, 0.5–2 mm;

awns uncinate or straight with longer ones 2–3 mm and anterior one mostly 2.5–3 mm, these alternating with shorter 1–1.5(–1.7) mm ones.

1, greenish or reddish, campanulate, 5–6-ribbed, 1.5–2.5 mm, corrugate, thinly pubescent;

teeth 5–6, unequal, 3 longer ones 1.5–3 mm, these alternating with 2 or 3 shorter ones 1–2 mm, anterior tooth not leaflike;

awns of prominent teeth uncinate and 1.5–3 mm, those of shorter teeth straight and 1–2 mm.

Flowers

included to slightly exserted;

perianth bicolored with floral tube white and tepals white to rose, cylindric, 2–3 mm, pubescent abaxially;

tepals connate less than 1/4 their length, monomorphic, oblong, truncate to 3-lobed and distinctly cuspidate apically;

stamens 9, slightly exserted;

filaments distinct, 2–3 mm, glabrous;

anthers cream to rose, narrowly oblong, 0.3–0.4 mm.

1, included to slightly exserted;

perianth white to rose, cylindric, 1.5–1.8(–2) mm, densely pubescent abaxially;

tepals connate 2/3 their length, monomorphic, oblong, obtuse to truncate or minutely emarginate apically;

stamens (6) 9, slightly exserted;

filaments distinct, 0.8–1 mm, glabrous;

anthers reddish, ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm.

Achenes

light brown, globose-lenticular, 2–3 mm.

dark brown to black, 3-gonous, 2–2.5 mm.

Chorizanthe cuspidata

Chorizanthe polygonoides

Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucral awns uncinate apically; San Francisco area
var. cuspidata
1. Involucral awns straight, rarely curved or with 1 awn uncinate; Marin and Sonoma counties
var. villosa
1. Involucres 2-2.5 mm; awns of prominent involucral teeth 1.5-2 mm
var. polygonoides
1. Involucres 1.5-2 mm; awns of prominent involucral teeth 2-3 mm
var. longispina
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 454. FNA vol. 5, p. 466.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Ptelosepala Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Chorizanthe > subg. Amphietes > sect. Acanthogonum
Sibling taxa
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. polygonoides, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
C. angustifolia, C. biloba, C. blakleyi, C. brevicornu, C. breweri, C. clevelandii, C. corrugata, C. cuspidata, C. diffusa, C. douglasii, C. fimbriata, C. howellii, C. leptotheca, C. membranacea, C. obovata, C. orcuttiana, C. palmeri, C. parryi, C. procumbens, C. pungens, C. rectispina, C. rigida, C. robusta, C. spinosa, C. staticoides, C. stellulata, C. uniaristata, C. valida, C. ventricosa, C. watsonii, C. wheeleri, C. xanti
Subordinate taxa
C. cuspidata var. cuspidata, C. cuspidata var. villosa
C. polygonoides var. longispina, C. polygonoides var. polygonoides
Synonyms C. pungens var. cuspidata
Name authority S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 379. (1882) Torrey & A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 197. (1870)
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