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Mexican windmill-grass

Habit Plants perennial; usually cespitose, occasionally shortly stoloniferous. Plants annual or short-lived perennials; sometimes shortly stoloniferous.
Culms

30-75 cm, erect.

30-70(200) cm, erect or somewhat decumbent.

Sheaths

glabrous;

ligules about 0.5 mm, shortly ciliate;

blades to 20 cm long, to 5 mm wide, sometimes with long basal hairs, otherwise scabrous.

glabrous or sparsely to densely pilose;

blades to 30 cm long, 2-10 mm wide, with coarse hairs behind the ligule and on the lower portion of the margins.

Panicles

with 5-17, evidently distinct branches in 1-3 closely-spaced whorls;

branches to 7 cm, usually erect when young, spreading to reflexed at maturity, averaging 12 spikelets per cm.

digitate, with 5-9 clearly distinct or easily separable branches;

branches 3-5 cm, with 5-7 spikelets per cm.

Spikelets

with 1 bisexual and 1 staminate floret.

barely imbricate, pale to dark gray, often mottled when mature, with 1 bisexual and (1)2 sterile florets.

Lower glumes

1.5-3.2 mm;

upper glumes 2.5-3.4 mm;

lowest lemmas 2.8-3.7 mm long, 0.6-1.1 mm wide, broadly linear to elliptic, mostly glabrous but the margins appressed pubescent, apices obtuse, not conspicuously bilobed, sometimes shortly mucronate;

second florets 1.4-2.2 mm long, 0.3-0.9 mm wide, usually at least twice as long as wide, not lobed, unawned, occasionally mucronate.

1.1-1.6 mm;

upper glumes 1.9-2.3 mm, awned, awns to 0.3 mm;

lowest lemmas 2.3-3.5 mm, broadly ovate or elliptic, keels gibbous, sides with a conspicuous glabrous or pubescent groove, margins glabrous or appressed pubescent, apices awned, awns to 6 mm;

second florets 1.5-2.2 mm, widened and inflated distally, mucronate or awned, awns to 3 mm;

distal florets less than 1 mm, turbinate;

anthers 0.4-0.5 mm.

Caryopses

1.7-2.3 mm long, 0.5-0.6 mm wide, ellipsoid.

1.3-1.5 mm long, 0.5-0.6 mm wide, trigonous.

2n

= ca. 65, 80.

= 20, 30.

Chloris submutica

Chloris pilosa

Distribution
from FNA
NM; TX
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Chloris submutica grows from the southwestern United States through Mexico, Guatemala, and Colombia to Venezuela. In Mexico, it is generally found between 1000-2100 m.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Chloris pilosa is native to equatorial Africa, but it is sometimes planted for forage. It has been collected in Kleberg County, Texas, possibly from an experimental forage planting; it is not known to be established in the Flora region.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 216. FNA vol. 25, p. 210.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Chloris Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Chloris
Sibling taxa
C. andropogonoides, C. barbata, C. berroi, C. canterae, C. ciliata, C. cucullata, C. divaricata, C. elata, C. gayana, C. pectinata, C. pilosa, C. radiata, C. texensis, C. truncata, C. ventricosa, C. verticillata, C. virgata
C. andropogonoides, C. barbata, C. berroi, C. canterae, C. ciliata, C. cucullata, C. divaricata, C. elata, C. gayana, C. pectinata, C. radiata, C. submutica, C. texensis, C. truncata, C. ventricosa, C. verticillata, C. virgata
Name authority Kunth Schumach.
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