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Rhodes grass, Rhodes windmill-grass

Australian windmill grass, plump windmill-grass

Habit Plants perennial; usually stoloniferous. Plants perennial; stoloniferous.
Culms

to 300 cm, erect.

to 100 cm, erect.

Sheaths

glabrous or scabrous, often ciliate apically;

ligules ciliate;

blades to 30 cm long, 15 mm wide, scabrous.

glabrous, scabrous, or partly pilose;

ligules erose to ciliate;

blades with basal hairs to 3 mm, otherwise glabrous, scabrous, or sparsely pilose.

Panicles

digitate, with 9-30 evidently distinct branches;

branches 8-20 cm, usually somewhat divaricate, spikelet-bearing to the base, averaging 10 spikelets per cm.

digitate, with 2-9 evidently distinct branches;

branches 5-11 cm, spikelet-bearing almost to the base, averaging 10 spikelets per cm.

Spikelets

strongly imbricate, tawny, with 1 bisexual and (1)2-4 usually staminate, sometimes sterile florets.

with 1 bisexual and 1(2) staminate floret(s).

Lower glumes

1.4-2.8 mm;

upper glumes 2.2-3.5 mm;

lowest lemmas 2.5-4.2 mm long, 0.7-1 mm wide, ovate to obovate or elliptic, somewhat gibbous, sides not grooved, pubescence variable, sides usually glabrous, sometimes scabrous or appressed pubescent, margins usually glabrous or appressed pubescent on the lower portions, sometimes throughout their length, sometimes with strongly divergent hairs distally, occasionally with strongly divergent hairs their entire length, divergent hairs, when present, 1+ mm, lemma apices inconspicuously bilobed, awned, awns 1.5-6.5 mm;

second florets staminate or sterile, 2.2-3.2 mm long, 0.3-1 mm wide, similar to the first floret but more cylindrical, not widened distally, inflated, if at all, only near the apices, inconspicuously bilobed, awned, awns 0.8-3.2 mm;

distal florets progressively smaller, longer than the subtending rachilla segment, awn-tipped or unawned.

1.2-2.3 mm;

upper glumes 2.5-4.1 mm;

lowest lemmas 2-5.4 mm long, 0.6-1.2 mm wide, elliptic to obovate, sometimes ventricose, usually glabrous, midveins scabrous, sides not conspicuously grooved, margins inrolled, usually glabrous or scabrous, occasionally with a few scattered hairs, especially distally, apices entire or minutely bilobed, awned, awns 1-11 mm;

second florets 1-2.6 mm long, 0.3-1 mm wide, cylindrical to narrowly turbinate, apices obtuse to truncate, entire, awned, awns 0.5-7.5 mm;

anthers 0.7-1.4 mm.

Caryopses

1-1.5 mm long, about 0.5 mm wide.

1.5-2.1 mm long, about 0.4 mm wide, narrowly obovoid to trigonous.

2n

= 20, 30, 40.

= unknown.

Chloris gayana

Chloris ventricosa

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; FL; IL; LA; MA; ME; MS; NC; TX; VA; HI; Virgin Islands
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
SC; VA
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Discussion

Chloris gayana grows in warm-temperate to tropical regions throughout the world, including the southern United States. It is cultivated as a meadow grass in irrigated regions of the southwest.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Chloris ventricosa, an Australian species, has been found near old woolen mills in South Carolina and has been cultivated It is very similar to C. truncata, but usually has shorter panicle branches. Other differences include its usually tawny bisexual lemmas and their usually glabrous margins.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 210. Treatment author: Mary E. Barkworth. FNA vol. 25, p. 212. Treatment author: Mary E. Barkworth.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Chloris Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Chloris
Sibling taxa
C. andropogonoides, C. barbata, C. berroi, C. canterae, C. ciliata, C. cucullata, C. divaricata, C. elata, C. pectinata, C. pilosa, C. radiata, C. submutica, C. texensis, C. truncata, C. ventricosa, C. verticillata, C. virgata
C. andropogonoides, C. barbata, C. berroi, C. canterae, C. ciliata, C. cucullata, C. divaricata, C. elata, C. gayana, C. pectinata, C. pilosa, C. radiata, C. submutica, C. texensis, C. truncata, C. verticillata, C. virgata
Name authority Kunth R. Br.
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