Chionophila |
Chionophila tweedyi |
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snowlover |
Tweedy's snowlover |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial; caudex woody or herbaceous. | |||||
Stems | erect, glabrous or puberulent. |
1–4, (5–)10–18(–25) cm, glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent. |
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Leaves | basal and cauline, cauline smaller, opposite, sometimes alternate distally; petiole present or absent; blade not fleshy, ± leathery or not, margins entire. |
basal and proximal cauline, blade oblanceolate, (8–)25–90 × (1–)3–13 mm, surfaces glabrous; cauline 1–4 pairs, blade narrowly lanceolate to linear, 2–22 × 1–3 mm. |
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Racemes | 1–7 cm, verticillasters 4–10, interrupted, glandular-pubescent; bracts lanceolate, proximal ones 3–9 × 1–3 mm. |
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Inflorescences | terminal, spikelike, secund racemes; bracts present. |
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Pedicels | present or absent; bracteoles absent. |
0–7 mm, glandular-pubescent. |
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Flowers | bisexual; sepals 5, proximally connate, calyx radially symmetric, cylindric to funnelform, lobes triangular to narrowly ovate; corolla greenish white, creamy white, or pale lavender, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate, tubular-funnelform, tube base not spurred or gibbous, throat not densely pilose internally, lobes 5, abaxial 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, proximally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous; staminode 1, ± filiform; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate. |
calyx tube 1–2 mm, glandular-pubescent, lobes triangular to narrowly ovate, 2.5–3 × 1.4–2 mm; corolla pale lavender, 9–14 mm, glabrous externally, palate and proximal parts of abaxial limb glandular-pubescent, hairs to 0.1 mm, tube 1–2 mm, pollen sacs 0.3–0.4 mm, explanate; staminode 4–5 mm; style 6–7 mm. |
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Fruits | capsules, dehiscence septicidal. |
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Capsules | 6.5–9 × 4–5 mm. |
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Seeds | 10–20, tan or brown, ellipsoid to fusiform or ellipsoid-disciform, wings present. |
brown, elliptic-disciform, 2.4–3 mm. |
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x | = 8. |
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Chionophila |
Chionophila tweedyi |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Talus slopes, meadows, usually near timber lines. | |||||
Elevation | 2100–3200 m. (6900–10500 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
w United States |
ID; MT
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Discussion | Species 2 (2 in the flora). Chionophila shares morphological similarities with Penstemon, most notably an epistaminal nectary of glandular hairs. Both have a base chromosome number of eight. R. M. Straw (1966) hypothesized that they are sister taxa. Relationships among genera in Cheloneae remain equivocal (A. D. Wolfe et al. 1997, 2002, 2006; S. L. Datwyler and Wolfe 2004). Chionophila is distinguished from Penstemon by a more prominent calyx tube, spikelike racemes, prominently winged seeds, and absence of bracteoles. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Chionophila tweedyi is known from central Idaho and southwestern Montana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 61. | FNA vol. 17, p. 62. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Pentstemonopsis | Penstemon tweedyi, Pentstemonopsis tweedyi | ||||
Name authority | Bentham: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 331. (1846) | (Canby & Rose) L. F. Henderson: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 352. (1900) | ||||
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