Chimaphila umbellata
Chimaphila menziesii
Blake's Prince's pine, chimaphile à ombelles, common pipsissewa, common Prince's pine, noble Prince's-pine, pipsissewa, Prince's-pine, strawberry-blite
little pipsissewa, little Prince's-pine, little Prince's-plume, Menzies' pipsissewa, Menzies' Prince's pine, Menzies' wintergreen
petiole 5–8 mm, channeled adaxially, glabrous or papillose;
blade not maculate or, sometimes, maculate, dull and light green abaxially, glossy and green adaxially, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate to ovate or lanceolate-oblong, (6–)10–55 × 4.5–25 mm, base obtuse or acute or decurrent, margins entire or serrulate to serrate, apex acute.
1–3-flowered;
peduncle 1 per stem, 2–5 cm, papillose to hispidulous;
inflorescence bracts broadly ovate to broadly obovate, free portions shorter than to nearly as long as pedicels from which they arise, 2–7 × 2–7.5 mm, membranous, margins erose-denticulate.
6–12 mm.
calyx lobes spreading or reflexed in fruit, green with margins hyaline or whitish green, ovate to suborbiculate, (3–)5–6.5 × 2.2–4.5 mm, margins erose-denticulate, apex rounded to obtuse;
petals white, often suffused with pink, orbiculate, 5–7 × 4.5–8 mm, margins entire or erose-denticulate;
stamens 4.2–7 mm;
filament base 0.8–1.3 mm wide, dilated basal portion ciliate to villous;
anthers 2.2–3.1 mm, thecae yellowish or tan to pinkish, tubules tan or pinkish, 0.7–1.1 mm, abruptly narrowed from thecae, lateral walls not touching, pores 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.2 mm;
ovary papillose in lines;
style 0.3–0.6 mm;
stigma 1.6–2.2(–2.8) mm wide.
depressed-globose, 4–5 × 5–6 mm.
America
= 26.
Chimaphila umbellata
Chimaphila menziesii
Subspecies 2 (1 in the flora).
Chimaphila umbellata is morphologically variable across its extensive range. Six subspecies have been recognized widely in the literature: subsp. acuta in the southwestern United States, subsp. cisatlantica in eastern North America, subsp. domingensis (S. F. Blake) Dorr in Hispaniola, subsp. mexicana (de Candolle) Hultén in Mexico, and subsp. umbellata in Eurasia. S. F. Blake (1917), in discussing the complex, stated, “...while the differential characters brought forward for their specific separation are confined to differences in size, in the prominence of the venation, the shape of the sepals, the direction of the pedicels, and the rotundity of the stem, characters which are not only rather obscure but at best are merely comparative, and are shown by the material examined to be by no means absolutely constant.” Hiroshi Takahashi (1987), who did not consider subsp. domingensis, found broad overlap in most morphologic characters used to distinguish the subspecies. Extreme forms of the spectrum of morphologic expression may be distinctive; variation among the taxa appears to be clinal. Only subsp. domingensis, which is geographically isolated on Hispaniola and has glabrous peduncles and pedicels, glabrous filaments, and relatively small leaves, appears to be sufficiently distinct from the rest of the species to warrant recognition (L. J. Dorr 1995). It also has rugulate pollen; other taxa included here within subsp. umbellata have psilate pollen (Takahashi 1986b).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
- Local floras:
BC, 
CA, 
OR, 
WA - Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos,
Flora NW, 
Go Botany, 
IL Wildflowers, 
MD Biodiversity, 
MI Flora, 
MN Wildflowers, 
PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. 
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist (observations)
USDA Plants Database- LBJ Wildflower Center
- SEINet
- Plants of the World Online
- Encyclopedia of Life
- Wikipedia
- Google Image Search
- Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA
- Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog.
- WildflowerSearch
- iNaturalist (observations)
- USDA Plants Database
- LBJ Wildflower Center
- SEINet
- Plants of the World Online
- Encyclopedia of Life
- Wikipedia
- Google Image Search
