Chenopodium subglabrum |
Chenopodium simplex |
|
---|---|---|
smooth goosefoot |
giant-seed goosefoot, large-seed goosefoot, maple-leaf goosefoot, sowbane |
|
Stems | erect or semierect, branched, 1–5.5 dm, glabrous or sparsely farinose. |
erect, branched, 3–15 dm, glabrous. |
Leaves | nonaromatic; petiole to 1 cm; blade linear, 1-veined, 1–3(–5) × 0.1–0.2(–0.4) cm, somewhat fleshy, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate, glabrous. |
nonaromatic; petiole 0.15–0.45 cm; blade ovate to triangular, 3.5–15 × 2–9 cm, base cordate to truncate, margins sinuate-dentate with 1–5 coarse, acute teeth, distal leaves entire or with few small teeth, apex acute, glabrous. |
Inflorescences | glomerules in terminal and axillary panicles, 6–25 × 5–20 cm, widely spaced, maturing at different times; bracts variable. |
glomerules in terminal and lateral spikes and panicles, 6–15 cm; glomerules irregularly globose, flowers in different stages of development, 0.5–2 mm diam.; bracts absent. |
Flowers | perianth segments 5, connate into 0.3–0.4 mm tube; lobes ovate or orbicular-obovate, 1–1.4 mm, apex obtuse or rounded, cucullate, carinate, sparsely farinose, largely covering fruit at maturity; stamens 5; stigmas 2, 0.1 mm. |
perianth segments 5, connate into 0.5 mm tube; lobes ovate to lanceolate, 0.7–1 × 0.4–0.6 mm, apex retuse, slightly keeled, glabrous, margins meeting or separated by as much as their width, exposing more than 1/2 fruit at maturity; stamens 5; stigmas 2, 0.1 mm. |
Achenes | ovoid; pericarp nonadherent, smooth. |
depressed-ovoid; pericarp adherent, chartaceous, smooth. |
Seeds | ovoid, 1.2–1.6 mm diam., margins obtuse with narrow rim; seed coat black, smooth, shiny. |
lenticular, 1.3–1.9 mm diam.; seed coat black, indistinctly honeycombed to nearly smooth, margins rounded. |
2n | = 18. |
= 18. |
Chenopodium subglabrum |
Chenopodium simplex |
|
Phenology | Fruiting mid summer–fall. | Fruiting Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Sandy areas, particularly sand bars in rivers and in sandy blowouts near river banks | Woods, thickets, hardwood slopes, wooded tallus, nutrient-rich woods, sometimes in waste places and fields |
Elevation | 400-1400 m (1300-4600 ft) | 0-1800 m (0-5900 ft) |
Distribution |
CO; IA; MT; ND; NE; NV; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; MB; SK
|
AK; AR; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT
|
Discussion | A closely related Eurasian diploid species, Chenopodium hybridum Linnaeus, probably also occurs in North America as introduced. Its occurrence in the New World needs confirmation. Chenopodium simplex differs from its Eurasian counterpart in having a smoother seed coat, a yellowish pericarp that is more adherent to the seed, and a different chromosome number (A. I. Baranov 1964; R. D. Dorn 1988b). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 289. | FNA vol. 4, p. 284. |
Parent taxa | Chenopodiaceae > Chenopodium > subg. Chenopodium > sect. Chenopodium > subsect. Leptophylla | Chenopodiaceae > Chenopodium > subg. Chenopodium > sect. Grossefoveata |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. leptophyllum var. subglabrum | C. hybridum var. simplex, C. gigantospermum |
Name authority | (S. Watson) A. Nelson: Bot. Gaz. 34: 362. (1902) | (Torrey) Rafinesque: Atlantic J. 1: 146. (1832) |
Web links |
|
|