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smooth goosefoot

figleaf goosefoot

Stems

erect or semierect, branched, 1–5.5 dm, glabrous or sparsely farinose.

erect, simple, 1.8–5.5 dm, glabrous to sparsely farinose.

Leaves

nonaromatic;

petiole to 1 cm;

blade linear, 1-veined, 1–3(–5) × 0.1–0.2(–0.4) cm, somewhat fleshy, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate, glabrous.

nonaromatic;

petiole 0.3–4.5 cm, usually shorter than leaves;

blade distinctly 3-lobed, narrowly ovate to elongate, (1.4–)2.7–6.2 × (0.5–)1.2–2.5 cm, base cuneate, margins toothed or nearly entire, with pair of basal lobes, apex obtuse to subacute, sparsely farinose.

Inflorescences

glomerules in terminal and axillary panicles, 6–25 × 5–20 cm, widely spaced, maturing at different times;

bracts variable.

glomerules in terminal and lateral spikes and panicles, 11 cm;

glomerules irregularly globose, in different stages of development, 1.7–1.9 mm diam.;

bracts absent or leaflike.

Flowers

perianth segments 5, connate into 0.3–0.4 mm tube;

lobes ovate or orbicular-obovate, 1–1.4 mm, apex obtuse or rounded, cucullate, carinate, sparsely farinose, largely covering fruit at maturity;

stamens 5;

stigmas 2, 0.1 mm.

perianth segments 5, connate at base into 0.3 mm tube;

lobes ovate, 0.5–0.9 × 0.5–0.8 mm, apex acute, farinose, keeled, covering fruit at maturity;

stamens 5;

stigmas 2, 0.3 mm.

Achenes

ovoid;

pericarp nonadherent, smooth.

Seeds

ovoid, 1.2–1.6 mm diam., margins obtuse with narrow rim;

seed coat black, smooth, shiny.

lenticular, 0.9–1 mm diam.;

seed coat black, honeycomb-pitted.

Utricles

depressed-ovoid;

pericarp nonadherent, smooth.

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Chenopodium subglabrum

Chenopodium ficifolium

Phenology Fruiting mid summer–fall. Fruiting early summer–fall.
Habitat Sandy areas, particularly sand bars in rivers and in sandy blowouts near river banks Disturbed nitrogen-rich habitats
Elevation 400-1400 m (1300-4600 ft) 0-200 m (0-700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; IA; MT; ND; NE; NV; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; MB; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; MO; OR; PA; QC [Introduced in North America; native s, se Asia, occasionally introduced in other parts of the world]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Chenopodium ficifolium has often been called C. serotinum Linnaeus. P. Aellen (1929b) and P. Uotila (1979b) have shown that the type of C. serotinum is a sterile Atriplex specimen (most probably A. tatarica Linnaeus) based on its Kranz-type leaf structure. Chenopodium blomianum Aellen [= C. ficifolium subsp. blomianum (Aellen) Aellen] was described from Sweden based on alien plants of presumably East Asian origin (P. Aellen 1928). According to Aellen, that subspecies occurs in southern and southeastern Asia and differs from C. ficifolium subsp. ficifolium in having leaves with spreading basal lobes almost perpendicular to the central lobe and seeds with shallow elongate depressions. All North American plants of C. ficifolium belong to subsp. ficifolium. In Europe C. ficifolium occasionally hybridizes with other species, including C. album (producing C. ×zahnii Murr) and C. suecicum (producing C. ×gruellii Aellen). No study has been made of such hybrids in North America.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 289. FNA vol. 4.
Parent taxa Chenopodiaceae > Chenopodium > subg. Chenopodium > sect. Chenopodium > subsect. Leptophylla Chenopodiaceae > Chenopodium > subg. Chenopodium > sect. Chenopodium > subsect. Favosa
Sibling taxa
C. albescens, C. album, C. atrovirens, C. berlandieri, C. bonus-henricus, C. californicum, C. capitatum, C. chenopodioides, C. cycloides, C. desiccatum, C. ficifolium, C. foggii, C. foliosum, C. fremontii, C. glaucum, C. hians, C. incanum, C. leptophyllum, C. macrospermum, C. murale, C. neomexicanum, C. nevadense, C. opulifolium, C. pallescens, C. polyspermum, C. pratericola, C. rubrum, C. simplex, C. standleyanum, C. strictum, C. urbicum, C. vulvaria, C. watsonii
C. albescens, C. album, C. atrovirens, C. berlandieri, C. bonus-henricus, C. californicum, C. capitatum, C. chenopodioides, C. cycloides, C. desiccatum, C. foggii, C. foliosum, C. fremontii, C. glaucum, C. hians, C. incanum, C. leptophyllum, C. macrospermum, C. murale, C. neomexicanum, C. nevadense, C. opulifolium, C. pallescens, C. polyspermum, C. pratericola, C. rubrum, C. simplex, C. standleyanum, C. strictum, C. subglabrum, C. urbicum, C. vulvaria, C. watsonii
Synonyms C. leptophyllum var. subglabrum
Name authority (S. Watson) A. Nelson: Bot. Gaz. 34: 362. (1902) Smith: Fl. Brit. 1: 276. (1800)
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