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buttered goosefoot, goosefoot, low goosefoot

Berlandier's pigweed, Berlandieri's goosefoot, lamb's quarters, pigweed, pit-seed goosefoot

Stems

erect to prostrate, much-branched, 0.1–3.5 dm, glabrous.

erect to ascending, much-branched to simple, 1–10.5 dm, farinose.

Leaves

nonaromatic;

petiole to 0.28 cm;

blade deltate or narrowly deltate, 0.8–6 × 0.2–3.5 cm, base cuneate, margins entire or broadly dentate, apex acute to obtuse.

nonaromatic;

petiole 0.2–9 cm;

blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate, rhombic, ovate, or triangular, 1.2–12(–15) × 0.5–7.5(–9) cm, base cuneate to truncate, margins serrate, irregularly dentate, or entire, often with 2 basal lobes, apex acute to acuminate, farinose.

Inflorescences

lateral glomerules sessile on lateral branched spikes;

glomerules subglobose, 3–4 mm diam.;

bracts oblanceolate to linear, 0.2–1.5 cm.

glomerules in compound spikes, 5–17 cm;

glomerules irregularly rounded, 4–7 mm diam.;

bracts absent.

Flowers

perianth segments 3, connate almost to apex into 0.5–0.8 mm tube;

lobes deltate, 0.1–0.5 × 0.3–0.4 mm, membranous, apex acute, flat or occasionally keeled-corniculate, glabrous, green and covering fruit at maturity;

stamen 1;

stigmas 2, 0.2 mm.

perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base;

lobes ovate to deltate, 0.7–1.5 × 0.7–1.3 mm, apex obtuse, farinose, often prominently keeled, covering fruit at maturity or not;

stamens 5;

stigmas 2, 0.3–0.5 mm.

Achenes

or utricles depressed-ovoid;

pericarp adherent or nonadherent near stylar base, alveolate-rugose.

Seeds

vertical and horizontal, ovoid, 0.6–0.9 mm diam., margins rounded;

seed coat black, smooth.

round, 1–2 mm diam., margins rounded;

seed coat brown to black, honeycomb pitted.

Utricles

ovoid;

pericarp nonadherent, reticulate-punctate.

2n

= 36.

Chenopodium chenopodioides

Chenopodium berlandieri

Phenology Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Borders of lakes and ponds, lake bottoms, in fields
Elevation 100-2400 m (300-7900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CO; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; South America
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT [Introduced widely]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The name Chenopodium botryodes Smith was sometimes applied to C. chenopodioides because of uncertainty about the proper application and typification of the name Blitum chenopodioides Linnaeus. The recent publication by P. Uotila (2001) provides a reasonable solution by maintaining the traditional usage through neotypification of the Linnaean name.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 6 (6 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Seeds 1.2-2 mm diam
→ 2
1. Seeds 1-1.3 mm diam
→ 4
2. Style bases with yellow area; seeds 1.2-1.5 mm diam
var. zschackei
2. Style bases without yellow area; seeds 1.3-2 mm diam
→ 3
3. Inflorescences large and drooping; seeds 1.7-2 mm diam
var. bushianum
3. Inflorescences small and erect; seeds 1.3- 1.9 mm diam
var. macrocalyci
4. Leaves not 3-lobed; inflorescences becoming bractless
var. boscianum
4. Leaves 3-lobed; inflorescences with or without bracts
→ 5
5. Inflorescences bractless
var. berl
5. Inflorescences with leafy bracts
→ 6
6. Style bases without yellow area
var. sinuatum
6. Style bases with yellow area
var. zschackei
Source FNA vol. 4, p. 282. FNA vol. 4, p. 294.
Parent taxa Chenopodiaceae > Chenopodium > subg. Blitum > sect. Pseudoblitum Chenopodiaceae > Chenopodium > subg. Chenopodium > sect. Chenopodium > subsect. Favosa
Sibling taxa
C. albescens, C. album, C. atrovirens, C. berlandieri, C. bonus-henricus, C. californicum, C. capitatum, C. cycloides, C. desiccatum, C. ficifolium, C. foggii, C. foliosum, C. fremontii, C. glaucum, C. hians, C. incanum, C. leptophyllum, C. macrospermum, C. murale, C. neomexicanum, C. nevadense, C. opulifolium, C. pallescens, C. polyspermum, C. pratericola, C. rubrum, C. simplex, C. standleyanum, C. strictum, C. subglabrum, C. urbicum, C. vulvaria, C. watsonii
C. albescens, C. album, C. atrovirens, C. bonus-henricus, C. californicum, C. capitatum, C. chenopodioides, C. cycloides, C. desiccatum, C. ficifolium, C. foggii, C. foliosum, C. fremontii, C. glaucum, C. hians, C. incanum, C. leptophyllum, C. macrospermum, C. murale, C. neomexicanum, C. nevadense, C. opulifolium, C. pallescens, C. polyspermum, C. pratericola, C. rubrum, C. simplex, C. standleyanum, C. strictum, C. subglabrum, C. urbicum, C. vulvaria, C. watsonii
Subordinate taxa
C. berlandieri var. berl, C. berlandieri var. boscianum, C. berlandieri var. bushianum, C. berlandieri var. macrocalyci, C. berlandieri var. sinuatum, C. berlandieri var. zschackei
Synonyms Blitum chenopodioides, C. botryodes, C. chenopodioides var. degenianum, C. crassifolium
Name authority (Linnaeus) Aellen: in C. Osten et al., Ostenia, 98. (1933) Moquin-Tandon: Chenop. Monogr. Enum. , 23. (1840)
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