Chasmanthium laxum |
Chasmanthium latifolium |
|
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slender chasmanthium, slender woodoats, spike uniola |
Indian woodoats, inland sea oats |
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Culms | 40-130 cm, to 1 mm thick at the nodes, unbranched, leafy for 50% of their height. |
to 150 cm, 2-4 mm thick at the nodes, rarely branched, leafy for 80% of their height. |
Sheaths | glabrous; collars glabrous; ligules 0.2-0.4 mm, entire; blades (8)15-35(40) cm long, 3-8(11) mm wide, linear-lanceolate, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely pilose adaxially. |
glabrous; collars glabrous; ligules 0.7-1 mm, entire; blades (7)9-18(22) cm long, (4)10-22 mm wide, lanceolate-fusiform, usually glabrous, sometimes pilose adaxially. |
Panicles | (7)12-35(47) cm, contracted, erect; branches ascending to appressed; axils of panicle branches glabrous; pedicels 0.5-2.5 mm. |
(8)10-25(35) cm, open, lax; branches nodding or drooping; axils of panicle branches sparsely pilose; pedicels 10-30 mm. |
Spikelets | 4-9 mm long, 2-6 mm wide, with (2)3-5(7) florets, lower 1(2) florets sterile, fertile florets divergent to 45°. |
15-40(50) mm long, 6-16(20) mm wide, with 6-17(26) florets, lower 1-3 florets sterile, fertile florets diverging to 45°. |
Lower glumes | 1.3-3 mm, (1)3-5-veined; upper glumes 1.3-2.5 mm, 3-5-veined; calluses glabrous; fertile lemmas 2.9-4.5 mm, straight, 3-7-veined, keels not winged, apices scabridulous; paleas 2.3-3 mm; anthers 1.3-1.5 mm, the length invariant within a spikelet. |
4.2-9.1 mm, 5-7-veined; upper glumes 4.7-8.7 mm, 5-9-veined; calluses pilose; fertile lemmas 9-12.5 mm, straight, 11-15-veined, keels winged, wings scabrous to pilose their full length; paleas 4.6-7.7 mm; anthers (0.4)0.6-2.6(3.5) mm, the length varying within a spikelet. |
Caryopses | 1.9-2.2 mm, exposed at maturity. |
2.9-5 mm, enclosed, rarely exposed at maturity. |
2n | = 24. |
= 48. |
Chasmanthium laxum |
Chasmanthium latifolium |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA
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AL; AR; AZ; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NM; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV
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Discussion | Chasmanthium laxum is almost completely sympatric with C. sessiliflorum in the southeastern United States, growing in similar habitats but extending farther into sphagnous stream heads, pine flatwoods, and pine savannahs. Yates (1966b) reported seeing putative, naturally occurring hybrids between Chasmanthium ornithorhynchum and C. laxum along streams of the outer coastal plain of Mississippi and Louisiana. In general appearance, the hybrids resemble C. laxum, their most striking difference being the enlarged, sterile spikelets. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Chasmanthium latifolium grows along stream and river banks and in rich deciduous woods. It is the most widespread species of the genus, extending further west and east than any of the other four species. The map shows its verifiable range. Yates (1966b) reported seeing one specimen each from New Jersey, New Mexico, and Manitoba, but none of the specimens had clear locality information. In the absence of any other specimens from these regions, the locality data on these three specimens are regarded as probably erroneous. Flowering in Chasmanthium latifolium is sometimes cleistogamous. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 346. | FNA vol. 25, p. 345. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Centothecoideae > tribe Centotheceae > Chasmanthium | Poaceae > subfam. Centothecoideae > tribe Centotheceae > Chasmanthium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Uniola laxa | Uniola latifolia |
Name authority | (L.) H.O. Yates | (Michx.) H.O. Yates |
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