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field chickweed, western field mouse-ear chickweed

dark-green mouse-ear chickweed, four-stamen chickweed

Habit Plants perennial, mat-forming, strongly long-creeping rhizomatous. Plants annual, with slender taproot.
Stems

flowering stems ascending from elongate decumbent bases, branched, 15–45 cm, viscid, glandular in distal and mid-stem region, proximal portion with deflexed, long, soft, eglandular hairs, mostly in alternating longitudinal lines; nonflowering shoots horizontal, leafy.

decumbent or ascending, diffusely branched, 7.5–30 cm, densely covered and viscid with short, glandular hairs; small axillary tufts of leaves absent.

Leaves

sometimes marces-cent, sessile, highly variable;

blade tending to be succulent, pubescent on both surfaces or ± glabrous abaxially except on midrib and margins;

leaves of mid and distal stem largest, blade ovate-lanceolata to linear-lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 15–42 × 3.5–7 mm, apex acute;

proximal leaves smaller, with tufts of small leaves in their axils, blade oblanceolate to linear-oblong, 10–30 × 2–7 mm, often spatulate, apex ± obtuse.

not marcescent, sessile distally, spatulate to pseudopetiolate proximally;

blade 5–10 × 2–4 mm, covered with short, glandular and eglandular hairs;

proximal blades oblanceolate, apex obtuse;

cauline blades ovate or oblong-ovate, apex acute.

Inflorescences

lax, 1–12-flowered cymes;

bracts glandular-pubescent, proximal bract often foliaceous, broadly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate;

distal bracts lance-elliptic to lanceolate, margins narrow, scarious.

lax, 3–30-flowered cymes;

bracts lanceolate to ovate, herbaceous, glandular-pubescent.

Pedicels

straight or sometimes curving near apex in fruit, tending to be stout, 10–35 mm, ca. 2–4 times as long as capsules, rarely more, pubescence dense, glandular, viscid.

straight, ultimately erect in fruit, slender, 2–15 mm, much longer than capsule, glandular.

Flowers

large and showy;

sepals lanceolate, 6–9 mm, margins broad, apex acute, densely glandular-pubescent, viscid;

petals broadly oblanceolate, large, 10–15 mm, 2–3 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid;

stamens 10;

anthers 0.9–1.2 mm;

styles 5.

4(–5)-merous;

sepals lanceolate, 4–7 mm, margins narrow distally, apex acute or acuminate, glandular-pubescent, hairs usually not projecting beyond apex;

petals ca. 3 mm, ca. 0.75 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid;

stamens 4(–5);

styles 4(–5).

Capsules

broadly cylindric, ca. straight, 8–15 × 4–5 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals;

teeth 10, erect, margins convolute.

narrowly cylindric, nearly straight, 5–7.5 mm, 1–1.5 times as long as sepals;

teeth 8 or 10, erect, margins convolute.

Seeds

reddish brown, 1–1.5 mm, tuberculate;

testa not inflated, tightly enclosing seed.

reddish brown, 0.5–0.7 mm, bluntly tuberculate;

testa not inflated.

2n

= 72.

= 72.

Cerastium viride

Cerastium diffusum

Phenology Flowering spring–early summer. Flowering spring.
Habitat Grassy slopes on coast, grassy and rocky slopes inland Sandy places on coast, rarely inland in similar places and on railway ballast
Elevation 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) 0-300 m (0-1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; IL; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Some forms of Cerastium viride can be difficult to distinguish from larger forms of C. arvense subsp. strictum, but the broader capsule and leaves usually are diagnostic. In rare cases, chromosome number or pollen size [38–70 (average 43) µ in C. viride versus 28–40 (average 34) µ in C. arvense subsp. strictum] may be needed to confirm identification. Some of the inland material from Catsop County, Oregon, is atypical in having more slender pedicels, longer and softer pubescence, and more acute sepals.

Cerastium viride often has been treated as a variety or subspecies of C. arvense. It differs from the native C. arvense subsp. strictum in being much larger in all its parts, and in chromosome number (2n = 72 in C. viride, 36 in C. arvense subsp. strictum). The two taxa do not hybridize in the wild and attempts to cross them in cultivation have failed. The introduced C. arvense subsp. arvense may be confused with C. viride. Both are strongly rhizomatous and the ranges of measurements for key characters overlap. However, the two taxa have different appearances, C. arvense subsp. arvense being a more slender plant with narrow leaves that are never succulent. In contrast, C. viride tends to be larger in all its parts, with sturdier, decumbent stems, and usually succulent leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

This species was abundant on the sandy shore at Fort Bragg, Mendocino County, California, in 1985 and should be looked for elsewhere. The entirely herbaceous bracts, short capsule, and the floral parts usually in fours identify this small weedy species.

Previous reports of this species (as Cerastium tetrandrum) by J. A. Steyermark (1963) from Missouri and M. L. Fernald (1950) from Virginia are referable to C. pumilum and C. brachypetalum, respectively.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 92. FNA vol. 5, p. 84.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Cerastium Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Cerastium
Sibling taxa
C. aleuticum, C. alpinum, C. arcticum, C. arvense, C. axillare, C. beeringianum, C. bialynickii, C. brachypetalum, C. brachypodum, C. cerastoides, C. dichotomum, C. diffusum, C. dubium, C. fastigiatum, C. fischerianum, C. fontanum, C. glomeratum, C. maximum, C. nutans, C. pumilum, C. regelii, C. semidecandrum, C. terrae-novae, C. texanum, C. tomentosum, C. velutinum
C. aleuticum, C. alpinum, C. arcticum, C. arvense, C. axillare, C. beeringianum, C. bialynickii, C. brachypetalum, C. brachypodum, C. cerastoides, C. dichotomum, C. dubium, C. fastigiatum, C. fischerianum, C. fontanum, C. glomeratum, C. maximum, C. nutans, C. pumilum, C. regelii, C. semidecandrum, C. terrae-novae, C. texanum, C. tomentosum, C. velutinum, C. viride
Synonyms C. arvense subsp. maximum, C. arvense var. maximum C. atrovirens, C. tetrandrum
Name authority A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 2: 281. (1907) Persoon: Syn. Pl. 1: 520. (1805)
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