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common chickweed, common mouse-ear chickweed, céraiste commun, mouse-ear chickweed

arctic mouse-ear chickweed, céraiste arctique, mouse-ear chickweed

Habit Plants perennial (rarely annual), tufted to mat-forming, often rhizomatous. Plants perennial, loosely mat-forming but not pulvinate, rhizomatous.
Stems

flowering stems erect from decumbent base, branched proximally, 10–45 cm, softly pubescent, eglandular with straight hairs; nonflowering shoots, when present, produced proximally, decumbent, rooting at nodes, branched, 5–20 cm, often subglabrous with alternating lines of eglandular hairs; small axillary tufts of leaves usually absent.

erect, from decumbent base, 5–30 cm, sparsely to densely pubescent, hairs spreading, straight, often glandular; small axillary tufts of leaves usually absent.

Leaves

not marcescent;

blade 10–25(–40) × 3–8(–12) mm, densely covered with patent to ascending, colorless, long, eglandular hairs;

leaves of flowering shoots in distant pairs, sessile, blade elliptic to ovate-oblong, apex subacute;

leaves of sterile shoots pseudopetiolate, often spatulate, blade oblanceolate, apex obtuse.

subsessile;

blade broadly elliptic to obovate or rotund, larger blades in mid-stem region, 5–22 × 2–8 mm, apex round and obtuse, rarely broadly acute, pubescence ciliate and strigose, hairs long and eglandular, mixed with shorter eglandular hairs, colorless to somewhat fuscous;

proximal leaves not strongly marcescent, blade oblanceolate, often broadly so, spatulate.

Inflorescences

lax, 3–50-flowered cymes;

bracts lanceolate, reduced, herbaceous, eglandular-pubescent, distal often with narrow, scarious margins.

1–3-flowered, lax cymes, with patent, multicellular, long, glandular hairs;

proximal bracts broadly lanceolate, pubescence as leaves;

distal bracts narrowly lanceolate, margins narrow, scarious, glandular-pubescent.

Pedicels

somewhat curved distally, 2–10(–20) mm, longer than sepals, densely pubescent with patent, eglandular, rarely glandular hairs.

± straight or somewhat curved at apex, 5–45 mm, 1–4 times as long as sepals (rarely longer), pubescence long and glandular.

Flowers

sepals ovate-lanceolate, 5–7 mm, margins narrow, apex acute, scarious, pubescent with eglandular, rarely glandular, hairs;

petals oblanceolate, 1–1.5 times as long as sepals, apex deeply 2-fid;

stamens 10, occasionally 5;

styles 5.

sepals narrowly lanceolate, 8–11 mm, margins narrow, apex acuminate, hairs ascending, long, glandular and eglandular;

petals 12–18 mm, 1–2 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid;

stamens 10;

styles 5.

Capsules

narrowly cylindric, curved, 9–17 mm, ca. 2 times sepals;

teeth 10, erect, margins convolute.

broadly conic, straight or almost so, 14–18 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, teeth 10, ± erect, margins convolute.

Seeds

reddish brown, 0.4–1.2 mm, bluntly tuberculate;

testa not inflated, tightly enclosing seed.

red-brown, 1.1–1.3 mm diam., tuberculate;

tubercles acute;

testa not inflated, closely enclosing seed.

2n

= 122–152, usually 144.

= (54) 108.

Cerastium fontanum

Cerastium arcticum

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Arctic tundra and solifluction areas, talus slopes, beaches, coastal grassland and seepage areas, exposed rocky headlands
Elevation 0-400 m (0-1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Europe [Introduced elsewhere]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
LB; NT; NU; QC; Greenland; n Europe (Franz Joseph Land, Novaya Zemlya, Svalbard)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 4 (2 in the flora).

Cerastium fontanum is a highly variable and complex species. It often has been reported as C. vulgatum Linnaeus, an ambiguous name; see discussion under the genus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Cerastium arcticum has been a much confused and misunderstood species, recently separated from C. nigrescens Edmonston ex H. C. Watson on seed characters. The latter has large seeds with loose, inflated testae, whereas C. arcticum has seeds that are smaller and have tight testae that cannot easily be removed (A. K. Brysting and R. Elven 2000). Much of the North American material previously placed in C. arcticum is now considered to belong to a distinct species, C. bialynickii Tolmatchew (see comments under that species). Cerastium alpinum differs from C. arcticum in having very long, flexuous, translucent hairs which often mat together. In C. arcticum and other members of the complex, the hairs are usually straight, yellowish, and not flexuous. Cerastium arcticum may on occasion have some pubescence like that of C. alpinum; such plants have been named C. arcticum var. vestitum. Whether they represent introgression of C. alpinum into C. arcticum, as suggested by E. Hultén (1956), is uncertain.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Inflorescences never glandular; petals 1.3-1.5 times as long as sepals; capsules 11-17 mm; seeds 0.9-1.2 mm
subsp. fontanum
1. Inflorescences occasionally viscid-glandular; petals equaling sepals; capsules 9-13 mm; seeds 0.4-0.9 mm
subsp. vulgare
Source FNA vol. 5. FNA vol. 5.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Cerastium Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Cerastium
Sibling taxa
C. aleuticum, C. alpinum, C. arcticum, C. arvense, C. axillare, C. beeringianum, C. bialynickii, C. brachypetalum, C. brachypodum, C. cerastoides, C. dichotomum, C. diffusum, C. dubium, C. fastigiatum, C. fischerianum, C. glomeratum, C. maximum, C. nutans, C. pumilum, C. regelii, C. semidecandrum, C. terrae-novae, C. texanum, C. tomentosum, C. velutinum, C. viride
C. aleuticum, C. alpinum, C. arvense, C. axillare, C. beeringianum, C. bialynickii, C. brachypetalum, C. brachypodum, C. cerastoides, C. dichotomum, C. diffusum, C. dubium, C. fastigiatum, C. fischerianum, C. fontanum, C. glomeratum, C. maximum, C. nutans, C. pumilum, C. regelii, C. semidecandrum, C. terrae-novae, C. texanum, C. tomentosum, C. velutinum, C. viride
Subordinate taxa
C. fontanum subsp. fontanum, C. fontanum subsp. vulgare
Synonyms C. alpinum var. procerum, C. alpinum var. uniflorum, C. arcticum subsp. hyperboreum, C. arcticum subsp. procerum, C. arcticum var. procerum, C. arcticum var. vestitum, C. hyperboreum, C. nigrescens subsp. arcticum
Name authority Baumgarten: Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 1: 425. (1816) Lange: in G. C. Oeder et al., Fl. Dan. 17(50): 7, plate 2863. (1880)
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