Cerastium arvense |
Cerastium regelii |
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céraiste des champs, field chickweed, field mouse-ear chickweed, field or prairie mouse-ear chickweed, meadow chickweed, starry cerastium |
céraiste de Regel, Regel's chickweed, Regel's mouse-ear chickweed |
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Habit | Plants perennial, clumped and taprooted, or mat-forming and long-creeping rhizomatous. | Plants perennial, highly variable, ranging from small, pulvinate, 1–6(–8) cm, often not flowering, to rhizomatous. | ||||
Stems | flowering shoots often decumbent proximally, 5–20(–30) cm, glandular-pubescent distally, pilose-subglabrous, deflexed or spreading proximally; non-flowering shoots present; small tufts of leaves present in axils of proximal leaves. |
erect or trailing, branched, pubescence confined to alternating lines of short, crispate to more elongate hairs; flowering stems erect, 1–6(–8) cm in pulvinate plants, to 20 cm in creeping plants, pubescence spreading to retrorse; nonflowering shoots creeping, elongate, 1–30 cm, with terminal, fleshy, gemmaelike buds; small axillary tufts of leaves absent. |
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Leaves | not marcescent, sessile, ± spatulate proximally; blade linear-lanceolate to lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 4–30 × 0.5–6 mm, apex acute, rarely obtuse, subglabrous to softly pubescent, sometimes glandular. |
sessile; blade rotund and obovate to ovate, elliptic, or broadly lanceolate, 3–9 × 2–6 mm, succulent, apex ± acute to obtuse; proximal leaves connate at base, blades becoming marcescent, broadly and shortly spatulate, margins and midrib ciliate, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, hairs long, colorless. |
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Inflorescences | lax, 1–20-flowered cymes, pubescence short, glandular; bracts lanceolate, margins narrow, scarious, glandular-pubescent. |
erect, lax, 1–5(–11)-flowered cymes; bracts elliptic to lanceolate, with or without narrow, scarious margins, with long, strigose hairs. |
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Pedicels | curved just below calyx, 5–30 mm, 1–6 times as long as sepals, glandular-pubescent. |
erect, usually straight, 1–10(–30) mm, shorter than sepals in pulvinate plants, longer in creeping plants, softly pubescent, hairs patent, of varying lengths, glandular and eglandular. |
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Flowers | sepals narrowly lanceolate to lance-elliptic, 3.5–7 mm, margins narrow, softly pubescent; petals obovate, 7.5–12.5 mm, ca. 2 times as long as sepals, apex 2-fid; stamens 10; anthers 0.8–1.1 mm; styles 5. |
sepals often purple tinged, broadly elliptic, 4–6 mm, margins broad, apex round, obtuse, sparsely pubescent, hairs colorless, long, eglandular, and short, glandular; petals obovate, 4–8 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, apex deeply 2-fid; stamens 10; styles 5. |
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Capsules | cylindric, curved, 7.5–11.5 × 2.5–4 mm, (1–)1.5–2 times as long as sepals; teeth 10, erect, margins convolute. |
cylindric, slightly curved, 6–12 mm, 1–2 times as long as sepals; teeth 10, erect to slightly spreading, margins convolute. |
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Seeds | brown, 0.6–1.2 mm diam., tuberculate; testa not inflated. |
dark brown, 1 mm diam., shallowly tuberculate; testa not inflated, tightly enclosing seed. |
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2n | = 36, 72, (108, Europe). |
= 72. |
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Cerastium arvense |
Cerastium regelii |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | |||||
Habitat | High-arctic tundra to low-arctic taiga, often in wet solifluction areas or in moss | |||||
Elevation | 0-900 m (0-3000 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Worldwide
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AK; NT; NU; QC; Greenland; nw Europe (Spitsbergen); Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia) |
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Discussion | Subspecies 2+ (2 in the flora). The infraspecific taxonomy of Cerastium arvense is subject to many different interpretations. While many subspecies have been recognized, the “actual” number is uncertain because of worldwide distribution, wide range of variation, and conflicting taxonomies. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Until recently, Cerastium gorodkovianum (= C. jenisejense) was recognized as a species separate from C. regelii, the former being low arctic and the latter high arctic. A recent experimental study by O. M. Heide et al. (1990) elegantly demonstrated that the morphological differences are the result of the effects of day length and temperature on development. In the high arctic, C. regelii rarely flowers and is compact and pulvinate with small, broadly obovate, marcescent leaves that are fleshy, subglabrous, or with strigose cilia. In the low arctic and taiga zone, C. regelii becomes a slender, straggling plant with slender, erect inflorescences bearing a few large flowers. The creeping sterile shoots produce terminal bulbils for vegetative dispersal. Apparent hybrids between Cerastium regelii and C. beeringianum were named C. regelii var. hirsutum Hultén. An apparent hybrid with C. arvense subsp. strictum also has been collected along the Nisling River in the Yukon. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 79. | FNA vol. 5, p. 89. | ||||
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Cerastium | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Cerastium | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | C. alpinum var. caespitosum, C. gorodkovianum, C. jenisejense, C. regelii subsp. caespitosum | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 438. (1753) | Ostenfeld: Skr. Vidensk.-Selsk. Christiana, Math.-Naturvidensk. Kl. 1909(8): 10, fig. 11. (1910) | ||||
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