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Bachelor's-button, barbeau, blaver, bleuet, blue-poppy, bluebonnets, bluebottle, brushes, casse lunette, corn pinks, cornflower, cornflower knapweed, garden cornflower, garden knapweed, hurtsickle, thimbles, witch's bells

iranian knapweed, low cornflower

Habit Annuals, 20–100 cm. Annuals, 20–60 cm.
Stems

usually 1, erect, ± openly branched distally, loosely tomentose.

usually several–many from base, spreading, ± openly branched distally, loosely gray-tomentose.

Leaves

± loosely gray-tomentose;

basal leaf blades linear-lanceolate, 3–10 cm, margins entire or with remote linear lobes, apices acute;

cauline linear, usually not much smaller except among heads, usually entire.

± loosely gray-tomentose;

basal and proximal cauline petiolate, blades oblong, 5–10 cm, margins entire or pinnatifid with terminal segment largest, apices obtuse;

mid and distal cauline sessile, linear-lanceolate to oblong, blades usually not much smaller, entire, mucronate.

Involucres

campanulate, 12–16 mm.

ovoid to campanulate, 15–20 mm.

Florets

25–35;

corollas blue (white to purple), those of sterile florets raylike, enlarged, 20–25 mm, those of fertile florets 10–15 mm.

25–35;

corollas of sterile florets spreading, dark blue, 25–30 mm, enlarged, those of fertile florets purple, ca. 15 mm.

Phyllaries

bodies green, ovate (outer) to oblong (inner), tomentose or becoming glabrous, margins and erect appendages white to dark brown or black, scarious, fringed with slender teeth ± 1 mm.

bodies green, ovate (outer) to oblong (inner), glabrous, margins and erect appendages silvery white to brown, scarious, fringed with slender teeth 1.5–2 mm.

Heads

radiant, in open, rounded or ± flat-topped cymiform arrays, pedunculate.

radiant, borne singly, pedunculate.

Cypselae

stramineous or pale blue, 4–5 mm, finely hairy;

pappi of many unequal stiff bristles, 2–4 mm.

brown, 4.5–6 mm, puberulent near attachment scar, otherwise glabrous;

pappi of outer series of unequal stiff bristles 2–8 mm, inner series of slender scales ca. 1.5 mm.

2n

= 24 (Russia).

= 16 (Armenia).

Centaurea cyanus

Centaurea depressa

Phenology Flowering spring–summer (May–Sep). Flowering spring–summer (May–Jul).
Habitat Grasslands, woodlands, forests, roadsides, other disturbed sites Disturbed ground
Elevation 50–2400 m (200–7900 ft) 50–1400 m (200–4600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; YT; Greenland; s Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
MD; NV; sw Asia; c Asia [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Centaurea cyanus is a commonly cultivated garden ornamental. Its cypselae are often included in wildflower seed mixes and it naturalizes readily in many areas.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 184. FNA vol. 19, p. 184.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cardueae > Centaurea Asteraceae > tribe Cardueae > Centaurea
Sibling taxa
C. benedicta, C. calcitrapa, C. depressa, C. diffusa, C. diluta, C. iberica, C. jacea, C. macrocephala, C. melitensis, C. montana, C. nigra, C. nigrescens, C. phrygia, C. scabiosa, C. solstitialis, C. stoebe, C. sulphurea, C. virgata, C. ×moncktonii
C. benedicta, C. calcitrapa, C. cyanus, C. diffusa, C. diluta, C. iberica, C. jacea, C. macrocephala, C. melitensis, C. montana, C. nigra, C. nigrescens, C. phrygia, C. scabiosa, C. solstitialis, C. stoebe, C. sulphurea, C. virgata, C. ×moncktonii
Synonyms Leucacantha cyanus
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 911. (1753) M. Bieberstein: Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 346. (1808)
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