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burgrass, common sandbur, field sandbur, konpeito-gusa, sandburr, se mbulabula, southern sandbur, vao tui tui

dune sandbur, sanddune sandbur

Habit Plants annual. Plants annual.
Culms

20-100 cm, ascending from a geniculate base.

10-70 cm, decumbent, branching and rooting at the lower nodes.

Sheaths

from shorter than to equaling the internodes, compressed;

ligules 0.7-1.7 mm;

blades 4-18(35) cm long, 2-10(14.2) mm wide, adaxial surfaces sparsely pilose, hairs papillose-based.

compressed, glabrous or pubescent;

ligules 1-2.1 mm;

blades 2-14 cm long, 3-14.2 mm wide.

Panicles

2.5-12 cm;

rachis internodes 2-4 mm;

fascicles 5-10 mm long, 3.5-6(6.3) mm wide, imbricate;

outer bristles 10-20, terete, the majority no more than 1/2 as long as the inner bristles;

inner bristles 2-5 mm long, 0.6-1.5 mm wide, flattened, not grooved, mostly erect, fused for at least 1/2 their length into a globose cupule, sometimes interlocking at maturity, shortly pubescent, often purple at maturity.

2-8.2 cm;

fascicles 9-16 mm long, 4-8 mm wide, imbricate, ovoid, densely pubescent;

bristles 15-43;

outer bristles usually present, flattened or terete;

inner bristles 4-8 mm long, 1.2-3 mm wide, fused for at least 1/2 their length, forming a distinct cupule, the distal portions diverging at irregular intervals from the cupule, stramineous or purple.

Spikelets

2-3(4) per fascicle, 4.8-7 mm.

1(2) per fascicle, 6-8.8 mm.

Caryopses

ovoid, 1.2-3.2 mm long, 1.3-2.2 mm wide.

2.6-4 mm long, 2.2-3.1 mm wide, ovoid-elliptic.

Lower

glumes 1.3-3.4 mm;

upper glumes 3.8-5.7 mm, 3-7-veined;

lower lemmas 4.5-6.5 mm;

upper florets 4.7-7 mm;

anthers 0.8-2.4 mm.

glumes 1-4 mm;

upper glumes 4.9-6.8 mm, 3-7-veined;

lower lemmas 5.5-7.5 mm, 3-7-veined, enclosing the palea;

upper lemmas 6-8.7 mm;

anthers 0.8-2.8 mm.

2n

= (34), 68.

= 34.

Cenchrus echinatus

Cenchrus tribuloides

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AZ; CA; DC; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NM; OK; SC; TX; VA; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
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from FNA
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MS; NC; NJ; NY; PA; SC; VA; VT; HI
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cenchrus echinatus grows in disturbed areas throughout the coastal plain and piedmont of the southern United States, Mexico, Central and South America, and, as an unwelcome introduction, elsewhere.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Cenchrus tribuloides grows in moist, sandy dunes and is restricted to the eastern United States. It differs from C. spinifex in its larger spikelets and smaller number of spikelets per fascicle, and from C. longispinus in its densely pubescent fascicles, fewer bristles, and wider inner bristles.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 531. FNA vol. 25, p. 534.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Cenchrus Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Cenchrus
Sibling taxa
C. biflorus, C. brownii, C. gracillimus, C. longispinus, C. myosuroides, C. spinifex, C. tribuloides
C. biflorus, C. brownii, C. echinatus, C. gracillimus, C. longispinus, C. myosuroides, C. spinifex
Synonyms C. echinatus var. hillebrandianus
Name authority L. L.
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