Flora of North America species comparison

gray, deeply furrowed, warty with age.

gray with corky ridges.

without thorns, spreading, young branches mostly pubescent.

without thorns, upright, villous when young.

blade lance-ovate to broadly ovate or deltate, 5-12 × 3-6(-9) cm (on fertile branches), leathery, base oblique or obliquely somewhat acuminate, margins conspicuously serrate to well below middle, teeth 10-40, apex acuminate;

surfaces scabrous.

blade ovate, 2-4.5(-7) × 1.5-3.5 cm, thick, rigid, base cordate or occasionally oblique, margins entire or somewhat serrate above middle, apex obtuse to acute or somewhat acuminate;

surfaces pubescent, abaxially yellow-green, adaxially gray-green, grooved, scabrous or not.

dense pendulous clusters.

of 1-4 flowers in axils of young leaves.

dark orange to purple- or blue-black when ripe, orbicular, to 7-11(-20) mm diam., commonly with thick beak;

pedicel to 15 mm.

reddish or reddish black when ripe, orbicular, (5-)8-10 mm diam., beaked;

pedicel (4-)10-14 mm.

light yellow, weak.

cream colored, 7-9 × 5-8 mm, reticulate.

= 20, 30, and 40.