Ceanothus papillosus |
Ceanothus sanguineus |
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wartleaf ceanothus |
Oregon tea tree, red-stem ceanothus |
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Habit | Shrubs, evergreen, 1–5 m. Stems erect to ascending, not rooting at nodes; branchlets green to reddish brown, not thorn-tipped, round in cross section, ± flexible to rigid, densely tomentulose. | Shrubs, deciduous, 1–2.5 m. Stems erect to ascending, not rooting at nodes; branchlets greenish to reddish brown, not thorn-tipped, round in cross section, flexible to ± rigid, puberulent, glabrescent. |
Leaves | petiole 1–3 mm; blade cupped to flat, linear, narrowly oblong, or oblong-elliptic, 12–50 × 6–15 mm, base obtuse to rounded, margins minutely glandular-denticulate, revolute, glands 17–31, apex obtuse, truncate, or retuse, abaxial surface pale green, densely villosulous to tomentulose, adaxial surface dark green, sparsely puberulent and glandular-papillate; pinnately veined. |
petiole 6–25 mm; blade not aromatic, flat, ovate, ovate-elliptic, or widely elliptic, 25–100 × (17–)20–60 mm, herbaceous, not resinous, base rounded or subcordate, margins serrulate, teeth 50–100+, apex acute to rounded, abaxial surface pale green, glabrous or puberulent, especially on veins, adaxial surface green, dull, glabrate; 3-veined from base. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, racemelike, 2–8 cm. |
axillary, paniclelike, cylindric, 5–12 cm. |
Flowers | sepals, petals, and nectary deep blue. |
sepals and petals usually white to cream, sometimes pink-tinged; nectary cream. |
Capsules | 2–3 mm wide, lobed; valves smooth, viscid when young, not or weakly crested. |
4–5 mm wide, weakly lobed near apex; valves smooth, usually not crested, sometimes weakly crested. |
2n | = 24. |
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Ceanothus papillosus |
Ceanothus sanguineus |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Rocky ridges, slopes, and flats, chaparral, mixed evergreen forests. | Open areas in forests, clear-cuts, rocky hillsides, slopes, prairies, burns. |
Elevation | 20–1500 m. (100–4900 ft.) | 0–1400 m. (0–4600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA; ID; MI; MT; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Ceanothus papillosus occurs in the Coast Ranges from San Francisco Bay south to the Santa Ynez Mountains, Ventura County, with disjunct populations in the Santa Ana Mountains, California, and Cerro Bola, in northern Baja California. The name C. papillosus var. roweanus was originally applied to low-growing plants with ascending to spreading, arcuate branches (H. McMinn 1939). M. Van Rensselaer and McMinn (1942) later emended the circumscription to include plants with linear leaves and retuse to truncate leaf apices, but these are found throughout the range of the species. Leaves with obtuse to truncate or retuse leaf apices also can be found on the same plant. Putative hybrids with C. integerrimus and C. oliganthus have been documented (McMinn 1944). Hybrids with C. thyrsiflorus have been named C. ×regius (Jepson) McMinn. Some putatively advanced generation hybrids have narrowly elliptic, weakly papillate leaves with obtuse apices, and sometimes have been misinterpreted as belonging to C. papillosus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Putative hybrids between Ceanothus sanguineus and C. velutinus have been reported from British Columbia and Oregon (H. McMinn 1944). The occurrence of C. sanguineus in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan (Keweenaw County) is a significant disjunction from the nearest locations in western Montana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 92. | FNA vol. 12, p. 83. |
Parent taxa | Rhamnaceae > Ceanothus > subg. Ceanothus | Rhamnaceae > Ceanothus > subg. Ceanothus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. papillosus subsp. roweanus, C. papillosus var. roweanus | C. oreganus |
Name authority | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 268. (1838) | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 167. (1813) |
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