Caulanthus lemmonii |
Caulanthus simulans |
|
---|---|---|
Lemmon's jewelflower, Lemmon's wild cabbage |
Payson's jewelflower, Payson's wild cabbage |
|
Habit | Annuals; hispid basally, subglabrate or glabrous distally. | Annuals; hispid. |
Stems | erect or ascending, usually branched distally, 1–8 dm, sparsely hispid basally. |
erect, usually branched distally, 1–7 dm. |
Basal leaves | rosulate; petiole 0.3–3 cm; blade oblanceolate, 0.7–9 cm × 4–25 mm, margins coarsely dentate-sinuate. |
rosulate; petiole 0.2–1 cm; blade oblanceolate, 1–7 cm × 4–18 mm, margins coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed. |
Cauline leaves | (median) sessile; blade lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 0.5–11 cm × 2–45 mm, (smaller distally, base amplexicaul), margins entire or denticulate. |
(median) sessile; blade ovate to oblong, 2–8 cm × 5–20 mm, (smaller distally, base amplexicaul to sagittate), margins coarsely dentate or entire. |
Racemes | (densely flowered), with a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. |
(densely flowered), without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. |
Flowers | sepals erect to ascending, (dark purple in bud, becoming greenish or creamy white and purplish or brown distally), ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 6–17 × 2.5–3.5 mm (subequal, keeled, usually glabrous, rarely pubescent, trichomes simple); petals white (with dark purple veins), 8–20 mm, blade 4–8 × 1.5–2 mm, crisped, claw oblanceolate, 4–11 × 2–3 mm; filaments in 3 unequal pairs, (median pairs often connate), abaxial pair 3.5–11mm, lateral pair 2–7 mm, adaxial pair 5–12 mm; anthers oblong to linear-oblong, unequal, 1.5–4 mm, (adaxial pair smaller). |
sepals erect, (yellow), lanceolate, 3–6.5 × 1.5–2 mm (equal, keeled); petals creamy white or pale yellow (sometimes with purple midvein), 10–14 mm, blade 4–5 × 1.5–2 mm, not crisped, claw oblanceolate or oblong, 5–9 × 1–1.7 mm; filaments tetradynamous, median pairs 3–5 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm; anthers oblong, equal, 1–3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, 3–18(–27) mm, pubescent or glabrous. |
reflexed, 2–5 mm. |
Fruits | erect or ascending (often straight), terete or slightly latiseptate, 5–12 cm × 2.5–3.5 mm; valves each with prominent midvein basally; ovules 52–72 per ovary; style 0–4 mm; stigma strongly 2-lobed (lobes 1–4 mm, opposite valves). |
usually reflexed, rarely divaricate (often straight), terete, 3–7.5 cm × 1.2–1.5 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; ovules 48–62 per ovary; style 0–3 mm; stigma 2-lobed. |
Seeds | 2–3.5 × 1.7–2.2 mm. |
1–2 × 0.9–1.1 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Caulanthus lemmonii |
Caulanthus simulans |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Feb-)Mar–May. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Grassland, chaparral, scrub | Chaparral, scrub, pinyon-juniper woodlands |
Elevation | 100-1100 m (300-3600 ft) | 400-2100 m (1300-6900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
CA
|
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Both R. C. Rollins (1993) and R. E. Buck (1995) treated Caulanthus lemmonii as a variety of C. coulteri, whereas E. B. Payson (1923) treated the two as independent species. The differences between them clearly justify their separate recognition. In fact, those differences are far greater than those that distinguish the minor color form “barbarae” that both Rollins and Buck recognized as a distinct variety of C. amplexicaulis. The types of both C. coulteri and C. lemmonii are quite distinct. The slight intergradation between the two taxa, especially in occurrence of branched trichomes and lobing of cotyledons, most likely resulted from hybridization, but that needs to be verified experimentally and molecularly. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Caulanthus simulans is restricted to Riverside and San Diego counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 684. | FNA vol. 7, p. 685. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. coulteri var. lemmonii, Streptanthus coulteri var. lemmonii, Streptanthus parryi | Streptanthus simulans |
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 23: 261. (1888) | Payson: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 295. (1923) |
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