Caulanthus lemmonii |
Caulanthus inflatus |
|
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Lemmon's jewelflower, Lemmon's wild cabbage |
desert candle |
|
Habit | Annuals; hispid basally, subglabrate or glabrous distally. | Annuals; glabrous or sparsely (or densely) pilose basally. |
Stems | erect or ascending, usually branched distally, 1–8 dm, sparsely hispid basally. |
erect, unbranched or branched distally, (hollow, strongly inflated, fusiform, to 4 cm diam. at widest point), 1.5–9.7 dm. |
Basal leaves | rosulate; petiole 0.3–3 cm; blade oblanceolate, 0.7–9 cm × 4–25 mm, margins coarsely dentate-sinuate. |
rosulate; petiole 0.5–5 cm; blade obovate to oblanceolate, 1–13 cm × 5–60 mm, margins entire or dentate-sinuate. |
Cauline leaves | (median) sessile; blade lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 0.5–11 cm × 2–45 mm, (smaller distally, base amplexicaul), margins entire or denticulate. |
(distalmost) sessile; blade ovate to lanceolate, 1–20 cm × 5–70 mm (base amplexicaul), margins entire. |
Racemes | (densely flowered), with a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. |
(densely flowered), without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. |
Flowers | sepals erect to ascending, (dark purple in bud, becoming greenish or creamy white and purplish or brown distally), ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 6–17 × 2.5–3.5 mm (subequal, keeled, usually glabrous, rarely pubescent, trichomes simple); petals white (with dark purple veins), 8–20 mm, blade 4–8 × 1.5–2 mm, crisped, claw oblanceolate, 4–11 × 2–3 mm; filaments in 3 unequal pairs, (median pairs often connate), abaxial pair 3.5–11mm, lateral pair 2–7 mm, adaxial pair 5–12 mm; anthers oblong to linear-oblong, unequal, 1.5–4 mm, (adaxial pair smaller). |
sepals erect, (dark purple at least apically, whitish basally), narrowly ovate to lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 5.5–14 × 2–3 mm (unequal, adaxial one slightly smaller or narrower, keeled); petals purple, 9–14 mm, blade 3–4 × 1.5–2 mm, crisped, claw oblanceolate to oblong, 6–10 × 1.5–3 mm; filaments in 3 unequal pairs, (median pairs connate), abaxial pair 4–8 mm, lateral pair 3–5 mm, adaxial pair 7–10 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, equal, 2–4 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, 3–18(–27) mm, pubescent or glabrous. |
ascending to divaricate, 3–12 mm, sparsely to densely pilose, or glabrous. |
Fruits | erect or ascending (often straight), terete or slightly latiseptate, 5–12 cm × 2.5–3.5 mm; valves each with prominent midvein basally; ovules 52–72 per ovary; style 0–4 mm; stigma strongly 2-lobed (lobes 1–4 mm, opposite valves). |
erect to ascending, terete, 3.5–12.7 cm × 2–3 mm; valves each with prominent midvein; ovules 58–82 per ovary; style obsolete or, rarely, to 0.4 mm; stigma strongly 2-lobed (lobes opposite valves). |
Seeds | 2–3.5 × 1.7–2.2 mm. |
1.5–3 × 0.7–1.7 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Caulanthus lemmonii |
Caulanthus inflatus |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Feb-)Mar–May. | Flowering Feb–Jun. |
Habitat | Grassland, chaparral, scrub | Desert plains, dry hillsides |
Elevation | 100-1100 m (300-3600 ft) | 150-1500 m (500-4900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
CA
|
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Both R. C. Rollins (1993) and R. E. Buck (1995) treated Caulanthus lemmonii as a variety of C. coulteri, whereas E. B. Payson (1923) treated the two as independent species. The differences between them clearly justify their separate recognition. In fact, those differences are far greater than those that distinguish the minor color form “barbarae” that both Rollins and Buck recognized as a distinct variety of C. amplexicaulis. The types of both C. coulteri and C. lemmonii are quite distinct. The slight intergradation between the two taxa, especially in occurrence of branched trichomes and lobing of cotyledons, most likely resulted from hybridization, but that needs to be verified experimentally and molecularly. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Caulanthus inflatus is found in central and southern California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 684. | FNA vol. 7, p. 683. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. coulteri var. lemmonii, Streptanthus coulteri var. lemmonii, Streptanthus parryi | Streptanthus inflatus |
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 23: 261. (1888) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 364. (1882) |
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