Caulanthus heterophyllus |
Caulanthus lasiophyllus |
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San Diego jewelflower, San Diego wild cabbage, slender pod jewelflower |
California mustard, slenderpod jewelflower, wild cabbage |
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Habit | Annuals; hispid basally, glabrous or subglabrate distally. | Annuals; (not glaucous), usually sparsely to densely hispid or hirsute, rarely subglabrate. |
Stems | erect, usually branched distally, 2.5–12 dm, hispid. |
erect, unbranched or branched distally, (0.8–)2–10(–16) dm, at least sparsely hirsute basally. |
Basal leaves | weakly rosulate; petiole 0.3–3 cm; blade linear-oblanceolate to linear-oblong, 0.7–7 cm × 2–18 mm, margins coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed. |
soon withered. |
Cauline leaves | (median) sessile; blade linear-lanceolate, 5–16 cm × 5–40 mm, (smaller distally, base amplexicaul to sagittate), margins dentate or (distalmost) entire. |
petiolate (proximal and median 0.5–3 cm); blade lanceolate to oblong or oblanceolate, pinnatifid, 2–12 cm × 5–50 mm, (smaller with fewer lobes distally), margins of lateral lobes dentate or entire. |
Racemes | (densely flowered), without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. |
without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers, (considerably elongated in fruit). |
Flowers | sepals erect (purple or yellow to creamy white), lanceolate, 3–8 × 1–1.8 mm (equal); petals purple or yellowish (often with darker purple veins), 5–15 mm, blade 2–6 × 1–1.5 mm, not crisped, claw narrowly oblanceolate or oblong, 3–9 × 1–1.5 mm; filaments tetradynamous, median pairs 3–6 mm, lateral pair 2–5 mm; anthers oblong, equal, 1–3 mm. |
sepals erect, oblong, 2–4 × 0.7–1 mm, (not saccate or urceolate); petals usually white to creamy white, rarely pinkish, (narrowly oblanceolate), 2.5–5(–6.5) × 0.9–1.1 mm, not channeled or crisped, claw undifferentiated from blade; filaments slightly tetradynamous, median pairs 3–4.5 mm, lateral pair 1.5–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, equal, 0.4–0.7 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | reflexed, 2–8 mm, glabrous or hispid. |
strongly reflexed or spreading, (slender or thickened), (0.7–)1–2.2(–3) mm. |
Fruits | reflexed (often straight, rarely curved), latiseptate or 4-angled, 4.5–10 cm × 1–1.5 mm; valves each with prominent midvein; ovules 56–82 per ovary; style 0.5–3.5mm; stigma slightly 2-lobed. |
ascending or descending (straight to slightly curved, sometimes subtorulose), terete, 2–4.8(–5.7) cm × 0.7–1.2 mm; valves each with obscure midvein, (glabrous or sparsely pubescent); ovules 14–60 per ovary; style 0.5–2 mm; stigma subentire. |
Seeds | 1.2–2 × 0.9–1.4 mm. |
(brown), 0.9–1.5 × 0.6–1 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Caulanthus heterophyllus |
Caulanthus lasiophyllus |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Coastal scrub, chaparral, rocky areas | Desert flats, gravelly areas, limestone rocks, talus slopes, shrub communities, hillsides, sandy banks, disturbed sites, grassy fields, ravines |
Elevation | 0-1400 m (0-4600 ft) | 0-1400 m (0-4600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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AZ; CA; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
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Discussion | Caulanthus heterophyllus is a common species distributed from Santa Barbara County southward into northwestern Baja California, Mexico. R. E. Buck (1993) divided the species into two varieties, including one invalidly published, based on flower color, but these are treated here as mere color variants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Caulanthus lasiophyllus is highly variable in flower size, leaf morphology, fruit morphology (length, width, curvature, presence or absence of indumentum) and orientation, number of ovules per ovary, and plant height. This species is badly in need of thorough studies at both populational and molecular levels, and it is very likely that some varieties recognized by E. B. Payson (1923), such as var. rigidus, may well represent distinct species or subspecies. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 682. | FNA vol. 7, p. 683. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Streptanthus heterophyllus, C. stenocarpus, Guillenia heterophylla, Streptanthus repandus | Turritis lasiophylla, C. lasiophyllus var. inalienus, C. lasiophyllus var. rigidus, C. lasiophyllus var. utahensis, Erysimum retrofractum, Guillenia inaliena, Guillenia lasiophylla, Guillenia rigida, Microsisymbrium lasiophyllum, Microsisymbrium lasiophyllum var. dasycarpum, Microsisymbrium lasiophyllum var. dissectum, Microsisymbrium lasiophyllum var. inalienum, Microsisymbrium lasiophyllum var. integrifolium, Microsisymbrium lasiophyllum var. rigidum, Sisymbrium acuticarpum, Sisymbrium deflexum, Sisymbrium deflexum var. xerophilum, Sisymbrium lasiophyllum, Sisymbrium reflexum, Streptanthus lasiophyllus, Streptanthus lasiophyllus var. inalienus, Streptanthus lasiophyllus var. utahensis, Streptanthus rigidus, Thelypodium lasiophyllum, Thelypodium lasiophyllum var. inalienum, Thelypodium lasiophyllum var. rigidum, Thelypodium lasiophyllum var. utahense, Thelypodium rigidum, Thelypodium utahense |
Name authority | (Nuttall) Payson: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 298. (1923) | (Hooker & Arnott) Payson: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 303. (1923) |
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