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Lemmon's mustard, royal wild cabbage

clasping leaf caulanthus, claspingleaf wild cabbage

Habit Annuals; sparsely to densely hirsute. Annuals; glabrous throughout.
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched distally (or, rarely, basally), 3.5–15 dm, at least sparsely hirsute basally.

erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.4–11 dm.

Basal leaves

soon withered.

rosulate;

petiole 0.5–3 cm;

blade obovate to broadly oblanceolate, 1–7 cm × 5–37 mm, margins coarsely dentate.

Cauline leaves

petiolate (median 0.4–3 cm);

blade lanceolate to oblong, 1.5–9.5 cm × 3–30 mm (smaller distally), margins denticulate to subentire (proximal blade margins dentate).

(median) sessile;

blade oblong to broadly ovate or obovate, 2–8 cm × 10–40 mm (smaller distally, base amplexicaul), margins coarsely dentate or entire.

Racemes

without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers, (considerably elongated in fruit).

(lax), without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers.

Flowers

sepals spreading, oblong, 3.5–5.5 × 1–1.7 mm;

petals (spreading), white to lavender, 4–8 × 2–4 mm, not channeled or crisped, claw undifferentiated from blade;

filaments (spreading), subequal, 3.5–5 mm;

anthers narrowly oblong, equal, 1.5–2 mm, (coiled after dehiscence).

sepals erect, (dark maroon-purple or ochroleucous to yellowish), ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–9.2 × 2–4 mm (equal);

petals (abaxial pair) usually stramineous to yellowish green, rarely pale purple, (adaxial pair) purple, (slightly longer), 10–18 mm, blade 4–10 × 0.5–1.5mm, crisped, claw narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, 6–10 × 1–3 mm;

filaments in 3 unequal pairs, abaxial pair 3–7 mm, lateral pair 1–5 mm, adaxial pair 4.5–9 mm;

anthers oblong, unequal, 1–3.5 mm (adaxial pair smaller).

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to strongly reflexed (slender or thickened), 3–10 mm.

divaricate to ascending, 2.5–19 mm.

Fruits

erect or reflexed, (straight), terete, 3–6.7 cm × 1.2–2 mm;

valves each with prominent midvein, (usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent);

ovules 40–54 per ovary;

style (subconical or cylindrical), 1–4 mm;

stigma subentire.

divaricate to ascending (often distinctly curved), terete or slightly latiseptate, 4.5–14(–16.7) cm × 1–1.5 mm;

valves each with obscure midvein;

ovules 40–92 per ovary;

style 0–0.4 mm;

stigma subentire.

Seeds

(brown), 1.4–1.8 × 1–1.3 mm.

1.4–2.2 × 0.9–1.2 mm.

2n

= 28.

= 28.

Caulanthus anceps

Caulanthus amplexicaulis

Phenology Flowering Mar–May. Flowering Apr–Jul(-Aug).
Habitat Grassy slopes, open flats, roadsides, fields, hillsides Chaparral, montane forests, serpentine areas, granitic and shale scree
Elevation 300-1700 m (1000-5600 ft) 800-2900 m (2600-9500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Caulanthus anceps is distributed in Kern, Monterey, San Benito, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Caulanthus amplexicaulis is known from Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. The serpentine populations of Santa Barbara County have sepals that are ochroleucous to yellowish instead of the dark maroon ones found elsewhere in the species range. They were recognized by R. C. Rollins (1993) and R. E. Buck (1995) as var. barbarae. Both vars. barbarae and amplexicaulis form a distinct monophyletic clade but they are without reproductive barriers (A. E. Pepper and L. E. Norwood 2001). Some other species of Caulanthus show comparable or even greater variation in sepal color, and it might be more practical to treat var. barbarae as a color form.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 679. FNA vol. 7, p. 679.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus
Sibling taxa
C. amplexicaulis, C. barnebyi, C. californicus, C. cooperi, C. coulteri, C. crassicaulis, C. flavescens, C. glaucus, C. hallii, C. heterophyllus, C. inflatus, C. lasiophyllus, C. lemmonii, C. major, C. pilosus, C. simulans
C. anceps, C. barnebyi, C. californicus, C. cooperi, C. coulteri, C. crassicaulis, C. flavescens, C. glaucus, C. hallii, C. heterophyllus, C. inflatus, C. lasiophyllus, C. lemmonii, C. major, C. pilosus, C. simulans
Synonyms Thelypodium lemmonii, Streptanthus anceps C. amplexicaulis var. barbarae, Euklisia amplexicaulis, Pleiocardia magna, Streptanthus amplexicaulis, Streptanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae
Name authority Payson: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 303. (1923) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 364. (1882)
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