Caulanthus anceps |
Caulanthus amplexicaulis |
|
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Lemmon's mustard, royal wild cabbage |
clasping leaf caulanthus, claspingleaf wild cabbage |
|
Habit | Annuals; sparsely to densely hirsute. | Annuals; glabrous throughout. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched distally (or, rarely, basally), 3.5–15 dm, at least sparsely hirsute basally. |
erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.4–11 dm. |
Basal leaves | soon withered. |
rosulate; petiole 0.5–3 cm; blade obovate to broadly oblanceolate, 1–7 cm × 5–37 mm, margins coarsely dentate. |
Cauline leaves | petiolate (median 0.4–3 cm); blade lanceolate to oblong, 1.5–9.5 cm × 3–30 mm (smaller distally), margins denticulate to subentire (proximal blade margins dentate). |
(median) sessile; blade oblong to broadly ovate or obovate, 2–8 cm × 10–40 mm (smaller distally, base amplexicaul), margins coarsely dentate or entire. |
Racemes | without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers, (considerably elongated in fruit). |
(lax), without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. |
Flowers | sepals spreading, oblong, 3.5–5.5 × 1–1.7 mm; petals (spreading), white to lavender, 4–8 × 2–4 mm, not channeled or crisped, claw undifferentiated from blade; filaments (spreading), subequal, 3.5–5 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, equal, 1.5–2 mm, (coiled after dehiscence). |
sepals erect, (dark maroon-purple or ochroleucous to yellowish), ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–9.2 × 2–4 mm (equal); petals (abaxial pair) usually stramineous to yellowish green, rarely pale purple, (adaxial pair) purple, (slightly longer), 10–18 mm, blade 4–10 × 0.5–1.5mm, crisped, claw narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, 6–10 × 1–3 mm; filaments in 3 unequal pairs, abaxial pair 3–7 mm, lateral pair 1–5 mm, adaxial pair 4.5–9 mm; anthers oblong, unequal, 1–3.5 mm (adaxial pair smaller). |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to strongly reflexed (slender or thickened), 3–10 mm. |
divaricate to ascending, 2.5–19 mm. |
Fruits | erect or reflexed, (straight), terete, 3–6.7 cm × 1.2–2 mm; valves each with prominent midvein, (usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent); ovules 40–54 per ovary; style (subconical or cylindrical), 1–4 mm; stigma subentire. |
divaricate to ascending (often distinctly curved), terete or slightly latiseptate, 4.5–14(–16.7) cm × 1–1.5 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; ovules 40–92 per ovary; style 0–0.4 mm; stigma subentire. |
Seeds | (brown), 1.4–1.8 × 1–1.3 mm. |
1.4–2.2 × 0.9–1.2 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Caulanthus anceps |
Caulanthus amplexicaulis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Apr–Jul(-Aug). |
Habitat | Grassy slopes, open flats, roadsides, fields, hillsides | Chaparral, montane forests, serpentine areas, granitic and shale scree |
Elevation | 300-1700 m (1000-5600 ft) | 800-2900 m (2600-9500 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA
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Discussion | Caulanthus anceps is distributed in Kern, Monterey, San Benito, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Caulanthus amplexicaulis is known from Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. The serpentine populations of Santa Barbara County have sepals that are ochroleucous to yellowish instead of the dark maroon ones found elsewhere in the species range. They were recognized by R. C. Rollins (1993) and R. E. Buck (1995) as var. barbarae. Both vars. barbarae and amplexicaulis form a distinct monophyletic clade but they are without reproductive barriers (A. E. Pepper and L. E. Norwood 2001). Some other species of Caulanthus show comparable or even greater variation in sepal color, and it might be more practical to treat var. barbarae as a color form. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 679. | FNA vol. 7, p. 679. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Thelypodium lemmonii, Streptanthus anceps | C. amplexicaulis var. barbarae, Euklisia amplexicaulis, Pleiocardia magna, Streptanthus amplexicaulis, Streptanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae |
Name authority | Payson: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 303. (1923) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 364. (1882) |
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