Caulanthus amplexicaulis |
Caulanthus pilosus |
|
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clasping leaf caulanthus, claspingleaf wild cabbage |
chocolate drops, hairy wild cabbage |
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Habit | Annuals; glabrous throughout. | Biennials; moderately to densely pilose. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.4–11 dm. |
erect or ascending, unbranched or branched distally, 2–12 dm. |
Basal leaves | rosulate; petiole 0.5–3 cm; blade obovate to broadly oblanceolate, 1–7 cm × 5–37 mm, margins coarsely dentate. |
rosulate; petiole 1–8 cm; blade oblanceolate or oblong (in outline), 2–24 cm × 5–90 mm, margins usually pinnatifid to pinnatisect, rarely dentate-sinuate (lobes dentate). |
Cauline leaves | (median) sessile; blade oblong to broadly ovate or obovate, 2–8 cm × 10–40 mm (smaller distally, base amplexicaul), margins coarsely dentate or entire. |
(distalmost) shortly petiolate; blade linear to narrowly oblanceolate, margins entire or dentate. |
Racemes | (lax), without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. |
(densely flowered), without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers, (sometimes proximalmost flowers bracteate). |
Flowers | sepals erect, (dark maroon-purple or ochroleucous to yellowish), ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–9.2 × 2–4 mm (equal); petals (abaxial pair) usually stramineous to yellowish green, rarely pale purple, (adaxial pair) purple, (slightly longer), 10–18 mm, blade 4–10 × 0.5–1.5mm, crisped, claw narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, 6–10 × 1–3 mm; filaments in 3 unequal pairs, abaxial pair 3–7 mm, lateral pair 1–5 mm, adaxial pair 4.5–9 mm; anthers oblong, unequal, 1–3.5 mm (adaxial pair smaller). |
sepals erect, (dark purple in bud becoming paler or greenish), narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 4.5–9.5 × 1.5–2 mm, (equal); petals purple, 7–12 mm, blade 3–4 × 1–1.5 mm, crisped, claw oblanceolate to spatulate, 4–9 × 1–2 mm; filaments tetradynamous, median pairs 4.5–10 mm, lateral pair 3–8.5 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, equal, 2–3.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to ascending, 2.5–19 mm. |
ascending, 4–18 mm, glabrous or pilose. |
Fruits | divaricate to ascending (often distinctly curved), terete or slightly latiseptate, 4.5–14(–16.7) cm × 1–1.5 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; ovules 40–92 per ovary; style 0–0.4 mm; stigma subentire. |
ascending to divaricate, terete, 2–18 cm × 1–1.5 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; ovules 152–198 per ovary; style obsolete or, rarely, to 1 mm; stigma slightly 2-lobed. |
Seeds | 1.4–2.2 × 0.9–1.2 mm. |
1–2 × 0.7–1 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
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Caulanthus amplexicaulis |
Caulanthus pilosus |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul(-Aug). | Flowering late Mar-early Jul. |
Habitat | Chaparral, montane forests, serpentine areas, granitic and shale scree | Flats, rocky slopes, scrub and sagebrush communities, pinyon-juniper woodland |
Elevation | 800-2900 m (2600-9500 ft) | 600-2800 m (2000-9200 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA; ID; NV; OR; UT
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Discussion | Caulanthus amplexicaulis is known from Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. The serpentine populations of Santa Barbara County have sepals that are ochroleucous to yellowish instead of the dark maroon ones found elsewhere in the species range. They were recognized by R. C. Rollins (1993) and R. E. Buck (1995) as var. barbarae. Both vars. barbarae and amplexicaulis form a distinct monophyletic clade but they are without reproductive barriers (A. E. Pepper and L. E. Norwood 2001). Some other species of Caulanthus show comparable or even greater variation in sepal color, and it might be more practical to treat var. barbarae as a color form. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Caulanthus pilosus is found in northeastern California, southwestern Idaho, Nevada, eastern and southern Oregon, and western Utah. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 679. | FNA vol. 7, p. 684. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Caulanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. amplexicaulis var. barbarae, Euklisia amplexicaulis, Pleiocardia magna, Streptanthus amplexicaulis, Streptanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae | Streptanthus pilosus, Thelypodium stamineum |
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 364. (1882) | S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 27. (1871) |
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