Castilleja viscidula |
Castilleja occidentalis |
|
---|---|---|
sticky Indian paintbrush, sticky paintbrush |
western Indian paintbrush, western or western yellow paintbrush, western paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 0.5–3(–4) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 0.7–2(–3) dm; from a small, woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | several, ascending to erect, decumbent at base, unbranched, sometimes branched, hairs spreading, long, soft, mixed with shorter stipitate-glandular ones. |
several to many, erect or ascending, usually short-decumbent at base, unbranched, sometimes glabrous proximally, hairs spreading, long, soft, mixed with medium length to short stipitate-glandular ones only in inflorescence. |
Leaves | green to brown, linear, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate, or oblong (narrowly ovate nearing inflorescence), 1–4(–5) cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, flat or involute, (0–)2(–5)-lobed, apex acute; lobes ascending-spreading, oblong to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute or obtuse. |
green to deep purple, linear-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate (to linear on sterile shoots), 1.5–4(–5.5) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, prominently veined, 0–3(–5)-lobed, apex acute to rounded; lobes ascending, lanceolate, apex acute. |
Inflorescences | 2–14 × 1–3.5 cm; bracts proximally greenish to greenish brown, distally pale yellow, cream, or yellow-green, sometimes yellow-orange or red (sometimes gradually differentiated from proximal coloration), lanceolate, broadly lanceolate, or oblong, 3(–5)-lobed, proximal wavy-margined; lobes ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, long, arising near or above mid length, sometimes wavy-margined, apex acute to rounded. |
2–7(–10) × 1–3.5 cm; bracts greenish to pale greenish yellow throughout, often aging dull reddish brown or reddish purple proximally, rarely dull reddish brown throughout, or proximally green, dull reddish brown, or reddish purple, distally greenish white, yellow, or cream, broadly lanceolate to widely oblong to ovate, 0–3(–7)-lobed; lobes ascending, triangular to lanceolate, medium length, usually arising at or above mid length, rarely just below, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, others acute. |
Corollas | straight, 16–22(–25) mm; tube 10–15 mm; beak exserted, straight to sometimes curved, adaxially green to yellow, 5–8(–9) mm; abaxial lip green or yellow, sometimes deep purple, reduced, inconspicuous, often visible in abaxial cleft, 1–2 mm, 20% as long as beak; teeth erect, green to white, sometimes yellow or pink, 0.5–1 mm. |
straight, 16–25 mm; tube 9–15 mm; teeth and part of abaxial lip sometimes exserted, beak exserted; beak adaxially green, (2.5–)5–9 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, often visible through abaxial cleft, slightly pouched, 1.5–3 mm, 25–50% as long as beak; teeth incurved to ascending, white, sometimes green, 0.7–2 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts or proximally paler, (10–)14–18 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts (4–)5–9 mm, 30–40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral (1–)2–6 mm, ca. 25% of calyx length; lobes narrowly ovate to lanceolate, linear, or narrowly lanceolate, apex acute to obtuse. |
proximally green to purple, distally colored as bracts, 12–20 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5–9(–10) mm, 40–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–3(–4.5) mm, 5–20% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to triangular, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded. |
2n | = 24, 72. |
= 24, 48. |
Castilleja viscidula |
Castilleja occidentalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Dry to mesic sagebrush steppes, rocky slopes, ledges, open woodlands, montane to subalpine. | Meadows, gravel slopes, talus, ridges, mostly upper subalpine to alpine. |
Elevation | 2000–3200 m. (6600–10500 ft.) | 1500–4300 m. (4900–14100 ft.) |
Distribution |
ID; NV; OR
|
CO; MT; NM; UT; AB; BC
|
Discussion | Castilleja viscidula is a member of the complex including C. applegatei and C. martini, centered in California. Castilleja viscidula favors isolated mountain ranges, from the Wallowa and, possibly, the Blue mountains of northeastern Oregon, eastward into southwestern Idaho, and southward into central Nevada. Most populations are greenish yellow, but in one portion of the Wallowa Mountains, reddish bracted plants are common. Many yellowish bracted populations in the same mountain range surround this reddish population. Intermediate color forms are rarely encountered. Most ranges where C. viscidula occurs have generated slightly differing local races, demonstrating some reproductive isolation and divergence. In addition, hybrid swarms between this species and C. nana are known from several mountain ranges in central and northern Nevada, and an apparent hybrid with C. flava var. flava is known from the Independence Mountains of northern Nevada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja occidentalis has a wide distribution in the southern Rocky Mountains, a gap in its distribution in Wyoming, and reappears in Montana and the Canadian Rockies. Bract lobing and color vary considerably but without correlation to geography. Although C. occidentalis resembles an alpine form of C. septentrionalis, C. occidentalis is missing in several regions in the distribution of the latter, even when extensive areas of suitable habitat are available, and has a discrete range. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 664. | FNA vol. 17, p. 635. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | A. Gray: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 297. (1878) — (as Castilleia) | Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 230. (1827) |
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