Castilleja tenuiflora |
Castilleja lassenensis |
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Catalina Indian paintbrush, Santa Catalina Indian paintbrush, Santa Catalina paintbrush |
Lassen paintbrush, Mt. Lassen paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 0.8–2.1 dm; from a woody caudex; with slender, branching roots. | |
Stems | few to many, decumbent-based to erect, unbranched except for short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs sparse, spreading, long, soft, mixed with short stipitate-glandular ones. |
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Leaves | green to purple (sometimes different on stems of same plant), linear-lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, 0(–3)-lobed, apex acute; lobes spreading-ascending, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, apex acute. |
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Inflorescences | 2–4.5 × 1.5–2 cm; bracts proximally greenish to dull brownish purple, distally pink to magenta or reddish purple, ovate, broadly lanceolate, or oblong, (0–)3–5-lobed; lobes ascending to erect, lanceolate, medium length, arising near or above mid length, apex acute to rounded. |
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Corollas | straight, 18–20 mm; tube 14–15 mm; abaxial lip sometimes partly exserted, beak usually exserted; beak adaxially white, 7–10 mm, margins white or pale salmon; abaxial lip pale green to yellow-green, inflated, pouches 3, shallow, central pouch shallowly grooved, visible through front cleft, 6–7 mm, 60–70% as long as beak; teeth erect, white, 1–2 mm. |
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Calyces | proximally brown or dull magenta, sometimes green, distally colored as bracts, 11–19 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 9–10 mm, 55–60% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2.5–5 mm, 15–25% of calyx length; lobes oblong, apex rounded. |
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Stigmas | pale green. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Castilleja tenuiflora |
Castilleja lassenensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | |
Habitat | Moist to wet meadows, shorelines, subalpine, volcanic soils. | |
Elevation | 1500–2500 m. (4900–8200 ft.) | |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; Mexico
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CA |
Discussion | Varieties 3 (1 in the flora). Castilleja tenuiflora is common and widespread across the mountains of Mexico, especially in pine-oak-madrone communities at middle elevations, as far south as Oaxaca, where it is found west and north of the Tehuantepec lowlands. There are two varieties of C. tenuiflora endemic to Mexico, while the typical variety crosses into the mountains of southeast Arizona and southwest New Mexico. Considerable local and regional variation exists in C. tenuiflora, but most of this appears to be racial in nature, and additional named varieties are likely not justified. While also commonly herbaceous, C. tenuiflora often forms large, multi-stemmed, subshrub plants with a woody base and ascending to strongly erect and often branched stems. It is valued in Mexican traditional medicine and is under study for potentially useful compounds (M. Jiménez et al. 1995; P. M. Sanchez et al. 2013). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja lassenensis is restricted to the Mt. Lassen area in Shasta and Tehama counties. See the discussion of 55. C. lemmonii for information on the relationship between these two species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 659. | FNA vol. 17, p. 619. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Name authority | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 22. (1839) | Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 244. (1940) |
Web links |