Castilleja schizotricha |
Castilleja patriotica |
|
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split hair Indian paintbrush, split-hair paintbrush |
Huachuca Mountain Indian paintbrush, native paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 0.8–1.5 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 1.7–6 dm; from a slender, woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | few to many, ascending to erect, unbranched, hairs dense, appressed-ascending, matted, long, soft, branched, eglandular, ± white-woolly, obscuring surface. |
few to many, erect or ascending, much-branched with many short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs recurved to retrorse, short, ± stiff, eglandular, often with some spreading, long ones. |
Leaves | gray-green with hairs, surface green to purple, linear-lanceolate, 0.5–2 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, ± involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, sometimes rounded; lobes sometimes divergent, spreading-ascending, narrowly linear, apex acute. |
green, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes ± wavy, flat to involute, (0–)3–7-lobed, apex acute to obtuse; lateral lobes spreading, linear, much shorter and narrower than terminal lobe, apex acute. |
Inflorescences | 3–8 × 1–2 cm; bracts purple, lavender, pinkish, or dusty red throughout, sometimes greenish throughout or proximally greenish, distally colored as above, obscured by hairs, lanceolate, 3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending to erect, linear to oblanceolate, short, arising near or above mid length, apex obtuse. |
3–17 × 2–7.5 cm; bracts green throughout, sometimes distalmost proximally green, distally red or red-orange on apices, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, (0–)3–5-lobed; lobes spreading, linear or narrowly lanceolate, short, arising near or below mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, lateral ones acute. |
Corollas | straight, 15–20 mm; tube 8–9 mm; beak included to slightly exserted, adaxially purple or pink, 3.9–5 mm, densely puberulent with white, woolly hairs; abaxial lip deep purple, inconspicuous, pouched, pouches shallow, 3–5 mm, 80–100% as long as beak; teeth upright-ascending, reduced, appearing white, 1.5–2 mm. |
slightly curved, (24–)27–43 mm; tube 9–20 mm; beak longer than calyx, exserted through abaxial cleft, adaxially green to yellowish, 22–39 mm; abaxial lip deep green, inflated, tight, 1–2.5 mm, 5–10% as long as beak; teeth often spreading, green or white, 0.5–1.6 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts, 11–18 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 3.5–6 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, all 4 clefts subequal, lateral 4–6 mm, 33–50% of calyx length; lobes linear, apex acute. |
proximal 1/3 green, distal 2/3 red to pale red-orange, rarely yellow, (17–)25–35(–40) mm; abaxial clefts 14–29 mm, 67–75% of calyx length, adaxial 2.5–7.3 mm, 5–15% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–0.3(–2) mm, 0–5% of calyx length; lobes broadly triangular, entire or shallowly cleft, segments, if present, often differing in length, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded. |
2n | = 24. |
|
Castilleja schizotricha |
Castilleja patriotica |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Aug. | Flowering Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Meadows, ledges, rocky or gravelly slopes, subalpine to alpine, marble, granite, or serpentine substrates. | Dry slopes and flats, open pine forests, ledges, mostly montane. |
Elevation | 1600–2600 m. (5200–8500 ft.) | 2000–3000 m. (6600–9800 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
|
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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Discussion | Castilleja schizotricha is a rare species restricted to high elevations in the mountains in Siskiyou and Trinity counties in northwestern California and in Jackson and western Klamath counties in southwestern Oregon. See the discussion of 6. C. arachnoidea for morphological differences between it and C. schizotricha, as the two are sometimes confused. Though their ranges overlap, they do not appear to hybridize. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja patriotica is broadly distributed in the northern Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico, south to northern Durango and Sinaloa. It is replaced in central and southern Mexico by a related species, C. pectinata M. Martens & Galeotti. Castilleja patriotica reaches the Chiricahua and Huachuca mountains of southeastern Arizona and the adjacent Animas Mountains of southwestern New Mexico. A report from the Atascosa Mountains of southern Arizona needs verification. The numerous, narrow axillary leaves and the narrow leaf lobes combine to give this plant a curious frilly appearance. The narrow, widely divaricate lateral leaf lobes are unique in the flora area. Short, compact plants with smaller flowers were named C. blumeri. Castilleja patriotica has medicinal value to native peoples of the northern Sierra Madre. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 655. | FNA vol. 17, p. 642. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. arachnoidea subsp. schizotricha | C. blumeri, C. patriotica var. blumeri |
Name authority | Greenman: Bot. Gaz. 53: 511. (1912) | Fernald: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 40: 56. (1904) |
Web links |