Castilleja scabrida |
Castilleja lanata |
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rough Indian paintbrush, rough paintbrush |
Sierra woolly Indian paintbrush, Sierra woolly paintbrush, woolly paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 0.7–1.5(–2.2) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot or stout, branched roots. | Subshrubs or herbs, perennial, 1.8–9(–10) dm; from a woody caudex; with a thick, woody taproot or system to thick, branched roots. | ||||
Stems | several, decumbent, often sprawling, distally ascending, unbranched unless injured, rarely with small, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading, whitish, short, ± stiff, eglandular. |
few to many, erect to ascending, unbranched, sometimes branched distally, sometimes with leafy axillary shoots, lanate to woolly, hairs dense, spreading to weakly appressed, white to yellowish, medium length, soft, moderately branched or unbranched in different populations, sometimes mixed, eglandular, rarely short stipitate-glandular, mostly obscuring surface. |
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Leaves | gray-green, sometimes green or reddish purple, reduced and scalelike on proximal 10–25% of stem, linear, lanceolate, or narrowly elliptic, 1.5–4(–5) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat or involute, 0–3(–5)-lobed, apex acute; lobes spreading or spreading-ascending, linear or lanceolate, apex acute. |
green to purple, often hidden by matted, white hairs, linear to narrowly oblong or narrowly lanceolate, (1–)2–7(–10) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, sometimes involute, 0–3-lobed, apex rounded, sometimes acute; lobes spreading, linear or narrowly oblong, apex rounded to acute. |
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Inflorescences | 2.5–10 × 2.5–5 cm; bracts proximally green to deep greenish purple, distally bright red, sometimes brick red or orange-red, linear to lanceolate, 3–5(–7)-lobed; lobes spreading, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, sometimes expanded near tip, long, arising near base and more distally, apex acute to obtuse. |
2–19 × 1.5–5 cm; bracts proximally pale greenish to greenish gray, distally bright red to orange-red, sometimes pinkish, magenta, or salmon, rarely yellow, oblong to narrowly lanceolate or narrowly oblanceolate, deeply 0–3(–5)-lobed; lobes spreading, oblanceolate or linear, long, arising below mid length, distal bract apex usually rounded. |
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Corollas | straight or slightly curved, 25–40(–45) mm; tube 11–24 mm; beak exserted, adaxially green to yellow, 10–17(–20) mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, visible through front cleft, 1.5–2.5 mm, 10–15% as long as beak; teeth incurved, green, 0.5–1 mm. |
curved in proximal 1/3, 23–35(–42) mm; tube 12–17 mm; beak exserted, adaxially greenish to yellowish, 11–22 mm; abaxial lip dark green, reduced, 1–4 mm, ca. 20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, reduced, green, 0.5–2.5 mm. |
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Calyces | colored as bracts, 18–33 mm; abaxial clefts 6–12 mm, adaxial 8–15 mm, clefts 40–60% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–6 mm, 15–25% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate or narrowly triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
proximally whitish to green, central band whitish, distal 1/3 colored as bract lobes, sometimes lighter or deeper, 15–29 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 6–14 mm, ca. 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–5 mm, 0–5(–15)% of calyx length; lobes oblong to broadly triangular, apex rounded, truncate, or emarginate. |
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2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
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Castilleja scabrida |
Castilleja lanata |
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Phenology | Flowering year-round. | |||||
Habitat | Dry rocky slopes, ridges, canyons, flats, valleys, montane. | |||||
Elevation | 300–2300 m. (1000–7500 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AZ; CO; NM; NV; UT
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AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Castilleja scabrida consists of two varieties distinguished by range and habitat differences, as well as by the morphological characters of the key. Both varieties are often confused with the similar and broadly sympatric C. chromosa but can be differentiated from the latter most easily by the presence of scalelike vestigial leaves on the proximal stems of C. scabrida. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Most records of Castilleja lanata are from the southern third of Arizona, New Mexico, and southwestern Texas. Plants sometimes referred to C. lanata from the Channel Islands of California are assigned here to C. hololeuca, an insular endemic. In northern Mexico, C. lanata extends from San Luis Potosí and Nuevo León westward to Sonora, with a disjunct distribution in central Baja California, where it overlaps the southern limits of a related species, C. foliolosa. Castilleja lanata inhabits a wide spectrum of soils and elevations and does not co-occur with the closely related C. galehintoniae in Nuevo León, where the latter is limited to limestone and gypsum substrates in a narrow elevational range. Hybrids of C. lanata with C. sessiliflora are known from Pecos County, Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 654. | FNA vol. 17, p. 618. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Eastwood: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 523. (1902) — (as Castilleia) | A. Gray: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 118. (1859) | ||||
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