FNA: Castilleja rubida vs. Castilleja parvula

	Castilleja rubida	Castilleja parvula
	little reddish Indian paintbrush, purple alpine paintbrush, purple paintbrush, Wallowa alpine paintbrush	Tushar Indian paintbrush, Tushar Mountains paintbrush, Tushar Plateau Indian paintbrush
Habit	Herbs, perennial, 0.5–1.5 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot.	Herbs, perennial, 1–2 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot or stout, branched roots.
Stems	several, decumbent, or ascending, unbranched, hairs moderately dense, spreading, short and long, soft, eglandular and glandular.	several to many, decumbent to ascending, unbranched except for small, leafy axillary shoots, hairs retrorse, short proximally, spreading, longer distally, soft, stipitate-glandular.
Leaves	green to purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 0.7–3.2 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, slightly involute, 3–5-lobed, apex narrowly acute to acuminate; lobes ascending-spreading, narrowly linear to filiform, often curling, often short, apex acute or obtuse.	green to blackish, proximalmost small and scalelike, linear to narrowly or broadly lanceolate, 1–3(–4) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex obtuse to rounded; lobes ascending, linear or short-lanceolate, very small, apex acute to obtuse.
Inflorescences	2.5–6 × 1–2 cm; bracts purple, deep burgundy, or lavender throughout, rarely pink or yellowish white throughout, sometimes pink or dull whitish on distal margins and apices, oblong, 3–5(–7)-lobed; lobes spreading, linear, medium length, proximal lobes arising below mid length, center lobe apex rounded to obtuse, lateral ones acute to obtuse.	4–6.5 × 1–3 cm; bracts proximally greenish to deep purple near base, distally magenta, deep pink, or red, broadly lanceolate to elliptic, oblong, or ovate, 0–5-lobed; lobes ascending to erect, triangular to oblong, short, arising near apex, central lobe apex rounded, lateral ones acute to rounded.
Corollas	straight, 12–15 mm; tube 14–16 mm; abaxial lip and beak exserted; beak adaxially green, 5–6 mm; abaxial lip colored as distal portion of bracts, prominent, pouches 3, central one grooved, pouches not strongly inflated, 4–5 mm, 80–100% as long as beak; teeth erect, appressed to beak, colored as distal portions of bracts, 1.5–2.5 mm.	straight, 16–24 mm; tube 10–13(–15) mm; beak exserted, adaxially green, 4.5–8(–9) mm; abaxial lip green to deep purple, reduced, 1–3 mm, 40–45% as long as beak; teeth incurved, greenish, (0.5–)1–2.5 mm.
Calyces	colored as bracts, 10–12 mm; all 4 clefts subequal, 3.5–6.5 mm, 35–55% of calyx length; lobes broadly linear or linear-triangular, apex obtuse to acute.	colored as bracts, 12–18 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5.5–8.5(–10) mm, ca. 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–3(–5) mm, ca. 25% of calyx length; lobes broadly linear or narrowly triangular, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes rounded.
Stigmas	green.
2n		= 24.

	Castilleja rubida	Castilleja parvula
Phenology	Flowering Jul–Aug.	Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat	Rocky slopes, ledges, dry to moist gravelly flats and ridges, alpine, limestone, rarely on river cobbles at lower elevations.	Gravelly meadows, rocky slopes, talus, ridges, krummholz zone or alpine.
Elevation	2200–3000 m. (7200–9800 ft.)	2700–3700 m. (8900–12100 ft.)
Distribution	OR [BONAP county map]	UT [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Castilleja rubida is a rare alpine species endemic to a few limestone peaks in the Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon, entirely within the Eagle Cap Wilderness Area. It is likely derived from the C. nana complex, found in the mountains of eastern California and Nevada, but it is amply distinct. Due to its very limited range and small population numbers, C. rubida is a species of conservation concern. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Castilleja parvula is limited to the upper elevations of the Tushar Mountains. Morphologically, it appears to be a species derived from the widespread Rocky Mountains species C. rhexiifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 17, p. 653.	FNA vol. 17, p. 642.
Parent taxa	Orobanchaceae > Castilleja	Orobanchaceae > Castilleja
Sibling taxa	C. affinis, C. ambigua, C. angustifolia, C. applegatei, C. aquariensis, C. arachnoidea, C. attenuata, C. brevilobata, C. brevistyla, C. campestris, C. cervina, C. chambersii, C. chlorotica, C. christii, C. chromosa, C. chrymactis, C. chrysantha, C. cinerea, C. citrina, C. coccinea, C. collegiorum, C. covilleana, C. crista-galli, C. cryptantha, C. cusickii, C. densiflora, C. dissitiflora, C. disticha, C. elata, C. elegans, C. elmeri, C. exserta, C. flava, C. foliolosa, C. fraterna, C. genevieveana, C. glandulifera, C. gleasoni, C. gracillima, C. grisea, C. haydenii, C. hispida, C. hololeuca, C. hyperborea, C. indivisa, C. integra, C. kaibabensis, C. kerryana, C. kraliana, C. lacera, C. lanata, C. lasiorhyncha, C. lassenensis, C. latifolia, C. lemmonii, C. leschkeana, C. levisecta, C. linariifolia, C. lindheimeri, C. lineariloba, C. lineata, C. litoralis, C. lutescens, C. martini, C. mendocinensis, C. mexicana, C. miniata, C. minor, C. mogollonica, C. mollis, C. montigena, C. nana, C. nelsonii, C. nervata, C. nivea, C. occidentalis, C. oresbia, C. organorum, C. ornata, C. pallescens, C. pallida, C. parviflora, C. parvula, C. patriotica, C. peckiana, C. peirsonii, C. pilosa, C. plagiotoma, C. praeterita, C. pruinosa, C. puberula, C. pulchella, C. purpurascens, C. purpurea, C. raupii, C. revealii, C. rhexiifolia, C. rigida, C. rubicundula, C. rupicola, C. salsuginosa, C. scabrida, C. schizotricha, C. septentrionalis, C. sessiliflora, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tenuiflora, C. tenuis, C. thompsonii, C. tomentosa, C. uliginosa, C. unalaschcensis, C. victoriae, C. viscidula, C. wightii, C. wootonii, C. xanthotricha	C. affinis, C. ambigua, C. angustifolia, C. applegatei, C. aquariensis, C. arachnoidea, C. attenuata, C. brevilobata, C. brevistyla, C. campestris, C. cervina, C. chambersii, C. chlorotica, C. christii, C. chromosa, C. chrymactis, C. chrysantha, C. cinerea, C. citrina, C. coccinea, C. collegiorum, C. covilleana, C. crista-galli, C. cryptantha, C. cusickii, C. densiflora, C. dissitiflora, C. disticha, C. elata, C. elegans, C. elmeri, C. exserta, C. flava, C. foliolosa, C. fraterna, C. genevieveana, C. glandulifera, C. gleasoni, C. gracillima, C. grisea, C. haydenii, C. hispida, C. hololeuca, C. hyperborea, C. indivisa, C. integra, C. kaibabensis, C. kerryana, C. kraliana, C. lacera, C. lanata, C. lasiorhyncha, C. lassenensis, C. latifolia, C. lemmonii, C. leschkeana, C. levisecta, C. linariifolia, C. lindheimeri, C. lineariloba, C. lineata, C. litoralis, C. lutescens, C. martini, C. mendocinensis, C. mexicana, C. miniata, C. minor, C. mogollonica, C. mollis, C. montigena, C. nana, C. nelsonii, C. nervata, C. nivea, C. occidentalis, C. oresbia, C. organorum, C. ornata, C. pallescens, C. pallida, C. parviflora, C. patriotica, C. peckiana, C. peirsonii, C. pilosa, C. plagiotoma, C. praeterita, C. pruinosa, C. puberula, C. pulchella, C. purpurascens, C. purpurea, C. raupii, C. revealii, C. rhexiifolia, C. rigida, C. rubicundula, C. rubida, C. rupicola, C. salsuginosa, C. scabrida, C. schizotricha, C. septentrionalis, C. sessiliflora, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tenuiflora, C. tenuis, C. thompsonii, C. tomentosa, C. uliginosa, C. unalaschcensis, C. victoriae, C. viscidula, C. wightii, C. wootonii, C. xanthotricha
Name authority	Piper: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 398. (1900) — (as Castilleia)	Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 40. (1907)
Web links	Local floras: OR Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Castilleja parvula

little reddish Indian paintbrush, purple alpine paintbrush, purple paintbrush, Wallowa alpine paintbrush

Tushar Indian paintbrush, Tushar Mountains paintbrush, Tushar Plateau Indian paintbrush

Habit

Herbs, perennial, 0.5–1.5 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot.

Herbs, perennial, 1–2 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot or stout, branched roots.

Stems

several, decumbent, or ascending, unbranched, hairs moderately dense, spreading, short and long, soft, eglandular and glandular.

several to many, decumbent to ascending, unbranched except for small, leafy axillary shoots, hairs retrorse, short proximally, spreading, longer distally, soft, stipitate-glandular.

Leaves

green to purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 0.7–3.2 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, slightly involute, 3–5-lobed, apex narrowly acute to acuminate;

lobes ascending-spreading, narrowly linear to filiform, often curling, often short, apex acute or obtuse.

green to blackish, proximalmost small and scalelike, linear to narrowly or broadly lanceolate, 1–3(–4) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex obtuse to rounded;

lobes ascending, linear or short-lanceolate, very small, apex acute to obtuse.

Inflorescences

2.5–6 × 1–2 cm;

bracts purple, deep burgundy, or lavender throughout, rarely pink or yellowish white throughout, sometimes pink or dull whitish on distal margins and apices, oblong, 3–5(–7)-lobed;

lobes spreading, linear, medium length, proximal lobes arising below mid length, center lobe apex rounded to obtuse, lateral ones acute to obtuse.

4–6.5 × 1–3 cm;

bracts proximally greenish to deep purple near base, distally magenta, deep pink, or red, broadly lanceolate to elliptic, oblong, or ovate, 0–5-lobed;

lobes ascending to erect, triangular to oblong, short, arising near apex, central lobe apex rounded, lateral ones acute to rounded.

Corollas

straight, 12–15 mm;

tube 14–16 mm;

abaxial lip and beak exserted;

beak adaxially green, 5–6 mm;

abaxial lip colored as distal portion of bracts, prominent, pouches 3, central one grooved, pouches not strongly inflated, 4–5 mm, 80–100% as long as beak;

teeth erect, appressed to beak, colored as distal portions of bracts, 1.5–2.5 mm.

straight, 16–24 mm;

tube 10–13(–15) mm;

beak exserted, adaxially green, 4.5–8(–9) mm;

abaxial lip green to deep purple, reduced, 1–3 mm, 40–45% as long as beak;

teeth incurved, greenish, (0.5–)1–2.5 mm.

Calyces

colored as bracts, 10–12 mm; all 4 clefts subequal, 3.5–6.5 mm, 35–55% of calyx length;

lobes broadly linear or linear-triangular, apex obtuse to acute.

colored as bracts, 12–18 mm;

abaxial and adaxial clefts 5.5–8.5(–10) mm, ca. 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–3(–5) mm, ca. 25% of calyx length;

lobes broadly linear or narrowly triangular, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes rounded.

Stigmas

green.

= 24.

Castilleja parvula

Phenology

Flowering Jul–Aug.

Flowering Jun–Aug.

Habitat

Rocky slopes, ledges, dry to moist gravelly flats and ridges, alpine, limestone, rarely on river cobbles at lower elevations.

Gravelly meadows, rocky slopes, talus, ridges, krummholz zone or alpine.

Elevation

2200–3000 m. (7200–9800 ft.)

2700–3700 m. (8900–12100 ft.)

Distribution

[BONAP county map]

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Castilleja rubida is a rare alpine species endemic to a few limestone peaks in the Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon, entirely within the Eagle Cap Wilderness Area. It is likely derived from the C. nana complex, found in the mountains of eastern California and Nevada, but it is amply distinct. Due to its very limited range and small population numbers, C. rubida is a species of conservation concern.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Castilleja parvula is limited to the upper elevations of the Tushar Mountains. Morphologically, it appears to be a species derived from the widespread Rocky Mountains species C. rhexiifolia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 17, p. 653.

FNA vol. 17, p. 642.

Parent taxa

Orobanchaceae > Castilleja

Sibling taxa

C. affinis, C. ambigua, C. angustifolia, C. applegatei, C. aquariensis, C. arachnoidea, C. attenuata, C. brevilobata, C. brevistyla, C. campestris, C. cervina, C. chambersii, C. chlorotica, C. christii, C. chromosa, C. chrymactis, C. chrysantha, C. cinerea, C. citrina, C. coccinea, C. collegiorum, C. covilleana, C. crista-galli, C. cryptantha, C. cusickii, C. densiflora, C. dissitiflora, C. disticha, C. elata, C. elegans, C. elmeri, C. exserta, C. flava, C. foliolosa, C. fraterna, C. genevieveana, C. glandulifera, C. gleasoni, C. gracillima, C. grisea, C. haydenii, C. hispida, C. hololeuca, C. hyperborea, C. indivisa, C. integra, C. kaibabensis, C. kerryana, C. kraliana, C. lacera, C. lanata, C. lasiorhyncha, C. lassenensis, C. latifolia, C. lemmonii, C. leschkeana, C. levisecta, C. linariifolia, C. lindheimeri, C. lineariloba, C. lineata, C. litoralis, C. lutescens, C. martini, C. mendocinensis, C. mexicana, C. miniata, C. minor, C. mogollonica, C. mollis, C. montigena, C. nana, C. nelsonii, C. nervata, C. nivea, C. occidentalis, C. oresbia, C. organorum, C. ornata, C. pallescens, C. pallida, C. parviflora, C. parvula, C. patriotica, C. peckiana, C. peirsonii, C. pilosa, C. plagiotoma, C. praeterita, C. pruinosa, C. puberula, C. pulchella, C. purpurascens, C. purpurea, C. raupii, C. revealii, C. rhexiifolia, C. rigida, C. rubicundula, C. rupicola, C. salsuginosa, C. scabrida, C. schizotricha, C. septentrionalis, C. sessiliflora, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tenuiflora, C. tenuis, C. thompsonii, C. tomentosa, C. uliginosa, C. unalaschcensis, C. victoriae, C. viscidula, C. wightii, C. wootonii, C. xanthotricha

C. affinis, C. ambigua, C. angustifolia, C. applegatei, C. aquariensis, C. arachnoidea, C. attenuata, C. brevilobata, C. brevistyla, C. campestris, C. cervina, C. chambersii, C. chlorotica, C. christii, C. chromosa, C. chrymactis, C. chrysantha, C. cinerea, C. citrina, C. coccinea, C. collegiorum, C. covilleana, C. crista-galli, C. cryptantha, C. cusickii, C. densiflora, C. dissitiflora, C. disticha, C. elata, C. elegans, C. elmeri, C. exserta, C. flava, C. foliolosa, C. fraterna, C. genevieveana, C. glandulifera, C. gleasoni, C. gracillima, C. grisea, C. haydenii, C. hispida, C. hololeuca, C. hyperborea, C. indivisa, C. integra, C. kaibabensis, C. kerryana, C. kraliana, C. lacera, C. lanata, C. lasiorhyncha, C. lassenensis, C. latifolia, C. lemmonii, C. leschkeana, C. levisecta, C. linariifolia, C. lindheimeri, C. lineariloba, C. lineata, C. litoralis, C. lutescens, C. martini, C. mendocinensis, C. mexicana, C. miniata, C. minor, C. mogollonica, C. mollis, C. montigena, C. nana, C. nelsonii, C. nervata, C. nivea, C. occidentalis, C. oresbia, C. organorum, C. ornata, C. pallescens, C. pallida, C. parviflora, C. patriotica, C. peckiana, C. peirsonii, C. pilosa, C. plagiotoma, C. praeterita, C. pruinosa, C. puberula, C. pulchella, C. purpurascens, C. purpurea, C. raupii, C. revealii, C. rhexiifolia, C. rigida, C. rubicundula, C. rubida, C. rupicola, C. salsuginosa, C. scabrida, C. schizotricha, C. septentrionalis, C. sessiliflora, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tenuiflora, C. tenuis, C. thompsonii, C. tomentosa, C. uliginosa, C. unalaschcensis, C. victoriae, C. viscidula, C. wightii, C. wootonii, C. xanthotricha

Name authority

Piper: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 398. (1900) — (as Castilleia)

Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 40. (1907)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America, OregonFlora

The species comparison tool is brought to you by:

Flora of North America species comparison

Castilleja rubida

Castilleja parvula

Castilleja rubida

Castilleja parvula