FNA: Castilleja rubida vs. Castilleja lindheimeri

	Castilleja rubida	Castilleja lindheimeri
	little reddish Indian paintbrush, purple alpine paintbrush, purple paintbrush, Wallowa alpine paintbrush	Lindheimer's paintbrush
Habit	Herbs, perennial, 0.5–1.5 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot.	Herbs, perennial, 1.5–3 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot.
Stems	several, decumbent, or ascending, unbranched, hairs moderately dense, spreading, short and long, soft, eglandular and glandular.	several, erect or ascending, branched or unbranched, sometimes with axillary tufts of leaves, hairs spreading to ± appressed, ± matted, short, soft, eglandular.
Leaves	green to purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 0.7–3.2 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, slightly involute, 3–5-lobed, apex narrowly acute to acuminate; lobes ascending-spreading, narrowly linear to filiform, often curling, often short, apex acute or obtuse.	green to purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1.3–7 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes ± wavy, involute, 3–5-lobed, apex acute to obtuse; lobes ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute.
Inflorescences	2.5–6 × 1–2 cm; bracts purple, deep burgundy, or lavender throughout, rarely pink or yellowish white throughout, sometimes pink or dull whitish on distal margins and apices, oblong, 3–5(–7)-lobed; lobes spreading, linear, medium length, proximal lobes arising below mid length, center lobe apex rounded to obtuse, lateral ones acute to obtuse.	4.5–18 × 1.5–3.5 cm; bracts proximally pale greenish to dull greenish brown, distally orange, reddish orange, or pale orange, sometimes reddish, lanceolate to oblong, 3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending to spreading, linear to broadly lanceolate or oblanceolate, proximal ones usually arising below mid length, rarely at or above mid length, apex obtuse to acute.
Corollas	straight, 12–15 mm; tube 14–16 mm; abaxial lip and beak exserted; beak adaxially green, 5–6 mm; abaxial lip colored as distal portion of bracts, prominent, pouches 3, central one grooved, pouches not strongly inflated, 4–5 mm, 80–100% as long as beak; teeth erect, appressed to beak, colored as distal portions of bracts, 1.5–2.5 mm.	± curved, 30–40 mm; tube 20–27 mm; beak, sometimes teeth of abaxial lip, exserted; beak adaxially green to yellowish, 8–15 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, 2–3.5 mm, 20–25% as long as beak; teeth prominent, petaloid, spreading to erect, colored as in distal portion of bracts, 0.5–3 mm.
Calyces	colored as bracts, 10–12 mm; all 4 clefts subequal, 3.5–6.5 mm, 35–55% of calyx length; lobes broadly linear or linear-triangular, apex obtuse to acute.	proximally greenish or pale, distally colored as bracts, 23–33 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 10–15 mm, 40–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 7–11 mm, 20–35% of calyx length; lobes oblong to broadly linear, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, lateral ones acute to rounded.
Stigmas	green.

	Castilleja rubida	Castilleja lindheimeri
Phenology	Flowering Jul–Aug.	Flowering Jan–May.
Habitat	Rocky slopes, ledges, dry to moist gravelly flats and ridges, alpine, limestone, rarely on river cobbles at lower elevations.	Rocky slopes, ridges, grasslands, pastures, open forests, roadsides, sometimes over limestone or granite.
Elevation	2200–3000 m. (7200–9800 ft.)	200–800 m. (700–2600 ft.)
Distribution	OR [BONAP county map]	TX [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Castilleja rubida is a rare alpine species endemic to a few limestone peaks in the Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon, entirely within the Eagle Cap Wilderness Area. It is likely derived from the C. nana complex, found in the mountains of eastern California and Nevada, but it is amply distinct. Due to its very limited range and small population numbers, C. rubida is a species of conservation concern. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Castilleja lindheimeri is endemic to the Edwards Plateau region. Unlike its close relatives, C. citrina and C. purpurea, most plants of C. lindheimeri have orange to reddish orange inflorescences, with smaller numbers varying to red. The leaves are also often less divided than in either C. citrina or C. purpurea. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 17, p. 653.	FNA vol. 17, p. 622.
Parent taxa	Orobanchaceae > Castilleja	Orobanchaceae > Castilleja
Sibling taxa	C. affinis, C. ambigua, C. angustifolia, C. applegatei, C. aquariensis, C. arachnoidea, C. attenuata, C. brevilobata, C. brevistyla, C. campestris, C. cervina, C. chambersii, C. chlorotica, C. christii, C. chromosa, C. chrymactis, C. chrysantha, C. cinerea, C. citrina, C. coccinea, C. collegiorum, C. covilleana, C. crista-galli, C. cryptantha, C. cusickii, C. densiflora, C. dissitiflora, C. disticha, C. elata, C. elegans, C. elmeri, C. exserta, C. flava, C. foliolosa, C. fraterna, C. genevieveana, C. glandulifera, C. gleasoni, C. gracillima, C. grisea, C. haydenii, C. hispida, C. hololeuca, C. hyperborea, C. indivisa, C. integra, C. kaibabensis, C. kerryana, C. kraliana, C. lacera, C. lanata, C. lasiorhyncha, C. lassenensis, C. latifolia, C. lemmonii, C. leschkeana, C. levisecta, C. linariifolia, C. lindheimeri, C. lineariloba, C. lineata, C. litoralis, C. lutescens, C. martini, C. mendocinensis, C. mexicana, C. miniata, C. minor, C. mogollonica, C. mollis, C. montigena, C. nana, C. nelsonii, C. nervata, C. nivea, C. occidentalis, C. oresbia, C. organorum, C. ornata, C. pallescens, C. pallida, C. parviflora, C. parvula, C. patriotica, C. peckiana, C. peirsonii, C. pilosa, C. plagiotoma, C. praeterita, C. pruinosa, C. puberula, C. pulchella, C. purpurascens, C. purpurea, C. raupii, C. revealii, C. rhexiifolia, C. rigida, C. rubicundula, C. rupicola, C. salsuginosa, C. scabrida, C. schizotricha, C. septentrionalis, C. sessiliflora, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tenuiflora, C. tenuis, C. thompsonii, C. tomentosa, C. uliginosa, C. unalaschcensis, C. victoriae, C. viscidula, C. wightii, C. wootonii, C. xanthotricha	C. affinis, C. ambigua, C. angustifolia, C. applegatei, C. aquariensis, C. arachnoidea, C. attenuata, C. brevilobata, C. brevistyla, C. campestris, C. cervina, C. chambersii, C. chlorotica, C. christii, C. chromosa, C. chrymactis, C. chrysantha, C. cinerea, C. citrina, C. coccinea, C. collegiorum, C. covilleana, C. crista-galli, C. cryptantha, C. cusickii, C. densiflora, C. dissitiflora, C. disticha, C. elata, C. elegans, C. elmeri, C. exserta, C. flava, C. foliolosa, C. fraterna, C. genevieveana, C. glandulifera, C. gleasoni, C. gracillima, C. grisea, C. haydenii, C. hispida, C. hololeuca, C. hyperborea, C. indivisa, C. integra, C. kaibabensis, C. kerryana, C. kraliana, C. lacera, C. lanata, C. lasiorhyncha, C. lassenensis, C. latifolia, C. lemmonii, C. leschkeana, C. levisecta, C. linariifolia, C. lineariloba, C. lineata, C. litoralis, C. lutescens, C. martini, C. mendocinensis, C. mexicana, C. miniata, C. minor, C. mogollonica, C. mollis, C. montigena, C. nana, C. nelsonii, C. nervata, C. nivea, C. occidentalis, C. oresbia, C. organorum, C. ornata, C. pallescens, C. pallida, C. parviflora, C. parvula, C. patriotica, C. peckiana, C. peirsonii, C. pilosa, C. plagiotoma, C. praeterita, C. pruinosa, C. puberula, C. pulchella, C. purpurascens, C. purpurea, C. raupii, C. revealii, C. rhexiifolia, C. rigida, C. rubicundula, C. rubida, C. rupicola, C. salsuginosa, C. scabrida, C. schizotricha, C. septentrionalis, C. sessiliflora, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tenuiflora, C. tenuis, C. thompsonii, C. tomentosa, C. uliginosa, C. unalaschcensis, C. victoriae, C. viscidula, C. wightii, C. wootonii, C. xanthotricha
Synonyms		C. purpurea var. lindheimeri
Name authority	Piper: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 398. (1900) — (as Castilleia)	A. Gray: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 298. (1878) — (as Castilleia)
Web links	Local floras: OR Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Castilleja lindheimeri

little reddish Indian paintbrush, purple alpine paintbrush, purple paintbrush, Wallowa alpine paintbrush

Lindheimer's paintbrush

Habit

Herbs, perennial, 0.5–1.5 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot.

Herbs, perennial, 1.5–3 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot.

Stems

several, decumbent, or ascending, unbranched, hairs moderately dense, spreading, short and long, soft, eglandular and glandular.

several, erect or ascending, branched or unbranched, sometimes with axillary tufts of leaves, hairs spreading to ± appressed, ± matted, short, soft, eglandular.

Leaves

green to purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 0.7–3.2 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, slightly involute, 3–5-lobed, apex narrowly acute to acuminate;

lobes ascending-spreading, narrowly linear to filiform, often curling, often short, apex acute or obtuse.

green to purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1.3–7 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes ± wavy, involute, 3–5-lobed, apex acute to obtuse;

lobes ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute.

Inflorescences

2.5–6 × 1–2 cm;

bracts purple, deep burgundy, or lavender throughout, rarely pink or yellowish white throughout, sometimes pink or dull whitish on distal margins and apices, oblong, 3–5(–7)-lobed;

lobes spreading, linear, medium length, proximal lobes arising below mid length, center lobe apex rounded to obtuse, lateral ones acute to obtuse.

4.5–18 × 1.5–3.5 cm;

bracts proximally pale greenish to dull greenish brown, distally orange, reddish orange, or pale orange, sometimes reddish, lanceolate to oblong, 3(–5)-lobed;

lobes ascending to spreading, linear to broadly lanceolate or oblanceolate, proximal ones usually arising below mid length, rarely at or above mid length, apex obtuse to acute.

Corollas

straight, 12–15 mm;

tube 14–16 mm;

abaxial lip and beak exserted;

beak adaxially green, 5–6 mm;

abaxial lip colored as distal portion of bracts, prominent, pouches 3, central one grooved, pouches not strongly inflated, 4–5 mm, 80–100% as long as beak;

teeth erect, appressed to beak, colored as distal portions of bracts, 1.5–2.5 mm.

± curved, 30–40 mm;

tube 20–27 mm;

beak, sometimes teeth of abaxial lip, exserted;

beak adaxially green to yellowish, 8–15 mm;

abaxial lip green, reduced, 2–3.5 mm, 20–25% as long as beak;

teeth prominent, petaloid, spreading to erect, colored as in distal portion of bracts, 0.5–3 mm.

Calyces

colored as bracts, 10–12 mm; all 4 clefts subequal, 3.5–6.5 mm, 35–55% of calyx length;

lobes broadly linear or linear-triangular, apex obtuse to acute.

proximally greenish or pale, distally colored as bracts, 23–33 mm;

abaxial and adaxial clefts 10–15 mm, 40–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 7–11 mm, 20–35% of calyx length;

lobes oblong to broadly linear, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, lateral ones acute to rounded.

Stigmas

green.

Castilleja lindheimeri

Phenology

Flowering Jul–Aug.

Flowering Jan–May.

Habitat

Rocky slopes, ledges, dry to moist gravelly flats and ridges, alpine, limestone, rarely on river cobbles at lower elevations.

Rocky slopes, ridges, grasslands, pastures, open forests, roadsides, sometimes over limestone or granite.

Elevation

2200–3000 m. (7200–9800 ft.)

200–800 m. (700–2600 ft.)

Distribution

[BONAP county map]

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Castilleja rubida is a rare alpine species endemic to a few limestone peaks in the Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon, entirely within the Eagle Cap Wilderness Area. It is likely derived from the C. nana complex, found in the mountains of eastern California and Nevada, but it is amply distinct. Due to its very limited range and small population numbers, C. rubida is a species of conservation concern.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Castilleja lindheimeri is endemic to the Edwards Plateau region. Unlike its close relatives, C. citrina and C. purpurea, most plants of C. lindheimeri have orange to reddish orange inflorescences, with smaller numbers varying to red. The leaves are also often less divided than in either C. citrina or C. purpurea.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 17, p. 653.

FNA vol. 17, p. 622.

Parent taxa

Orobanchaceae > Castilleja

Sibling taxa

C. affinis, C. ambigua, C. angustifolia, C. applegatei, C. aquariensis, C. arachnoidea, C. attenuata, C. brevilobata, C. brevistyla, C. campestris, C. cervina, C. chambersii, C. chlorotica, C. christii, C. chromosa, C. chrymactis, C. chrysantha, C. cinerea, C. citrina, C. coccinea, C. collegiorum, C. covilleana, C. crista-galli, C. cryptantha, C. cusickii, C. densiflora, C. dissitiflora, C. disticha, C. elata, C. elegans, C. elmeri, C. exserta, C. flava, C. foliolosa, C. fraterna, C. genevieveana, C. glandulifera, C. gleasoni, C. gracillima, C. grisea, C. haydenii, C. hispida, C. hololeuca, C. hyperborea, C. indivisa, C. integra, C. kaibabensis, C. kerryana, C. kraliana, C. lacera, C. lanata, C. lasiorhyncha, C. lassenensis, C. latifolia, C. lemmonii, C. leschkeana, C. levisecta, C. linariifolia, C. lindheimeri, C. lineariloba, C. lineata, C. litoralis, C. lutescens, C. martini, C. mendocinensis, C. mexicana, C. miniata, C. minor, C. mogollonica, C. mollis, C. montigena, C. nana, C. nelsonii, C. nervata, C. nivea, C. occidentalis, C. oresbia, C. organorum, C. ornata, C. pallescens, C. pallida, C. parviflora, C. parvula, C. patriotica, C. peckiana, C. peirsonii, C. pilosa, C. plagiotoma, C. praeterita, C. pruinosa, C. puberula, C. pulchella, C. purpurascens, C. purpurea, C. raupii, C. revealii, C. rhexiifolia, C. rigida, C. rubicundula, C. rupicola, C. salsuginosa, C. scabrida, C. schizotricha, C. septentrionalis, C. sessiliflora, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tenuiflora, C. tenuis, C. thompsonii, C. tomentosa, C. uliginosa, C. unalaschcensis, C. victoriae, C. viscidula, C. wightii, C. wootonii, C. xanthotricha

C. affinis, C. ambigua, C. angustifolia, C. applegatei, C. aquariensis, C. arachnoidea, C. attenuata, C. brevilobata, C. brevistyla, C. campestris, C. cervina, C. chambersii, C. chlorotica, C. christii, C. chromosa, C. chrymactis, C. chrysantha, C. cinerea, C. citrina, C. coccinea, C. collegiorum, C. covilleana, C. crista-galli, C. cryptantha, C. cusickii, C. densiflora, C. dissitiflora, C. disticha, C. elata, C. elegans, C. elmeri, C. exserta, C. flava, C. foliolosa, C. fraterna, C. genevieveana, C. glandulifera, C. gleasoni, C. gracillima, C. grisea, C. haydenii, C. hispida, C. hololeuca, C. hyperborea, C. indivisa, C. integra, C. kaibabensis, C. kerryana, C. kraliana, C. lacera, C. lanata, C. lasiorhyncha, C. lassenensis, C. latifolia, C. lemmonii, C. leschkeana, C. levisecta, C. linariifolia, C. lineariloba, C. lineata, C. litoralis, C. lutescens, C. martini, C. mendocinensis, C. mexicana, C. miniata, C. minor, C. mogollonica, C. mollis, C. montigena, C. nana, C. nelsonii, C. nervata, C. nivea, C. occidentalis, C. oresbia, C. organorum, C. ornata, C. pallescens, C. pallida, C. parviflora, C. parvula, C. patriotica, C. peckiana, C. peirsonii, C. pilosa, C. plagiotoma, C. praeterita, C. pruinosa, C. puberula, C. pulchella, C. purpurascens, C. purpurea, C. raupii, C. revealii, C. rhexiifolia, C. rigida, C. rubicundula, C. rubida, C. rupicola, C. salsuginosa, C. scabrida, C. schizotricha, C. septentrionalis, C. sessiliflora, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tenuiflora, C. tenuis, C. thompsonii, C. tomentosa, C. uliginosa, C. unalaschcensis, C. victoriae, C. viscidula, C. wightii, C. wootonii, C. xanthotricha

Synonyms

C. purpurea var. lindheimeri

Name authority

Piper: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 398. (1900) — (as Castilleia)

A. Gray: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 298. (1878) — (as Castilleia)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America, OregonFlora

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Flora of North America species comparison

Castilleja rubida

Castilleja lindheimeri

Castilleja rubida

Castilleja lindheimeri