Castilleja pruinosa |
Castilleja montigena |
|
---|---|---|
frosted Indian paintbrush, frosted paintbrush, pruinose paintbrush |
Heckard's Indian paintbrush, Heckard's paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs to subshrubs, perennial, (1.2–)2–8 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs or subshrubs, perennial, 1.5–4.5 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | several to many, erect or ascending, branched or unbranched, sometimes with inconspicuous, short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs ± dense, spreading to appressed, whitish or ashy gray, long, soft, much-branched, rarely unbranched, eglandular or obscurely glandular. |
few to several, decumbent to erect, sometimes leaning, unbranched or often much-branched distally, with a few short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading, short, soft, stipitate-glandular, mixed with long-spreading, eglandular ones. |
Leaves | green, linear-lanceolate to narrowly or broadly lanceolate, 2–8 cm, not fleshy, margins plane to sometimes wavy, flat or involute, 0-lobed, sometimes 3–5-lobed distally, apex obtuse to rounded, sometimes acute; lobes sometimes divergent, ascending-spreading, linear, apex acute. |
gray-green, sometimes green, lanceolate-linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1–6.5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes wavy, flat to involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex acuminate; lobes spreading-ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute. |
Inflorescences | 3–20 × 1.5–4 cm; bracts proximally greenish, distally abruptly red, sometimes yellow, salmon, or orange-red, often with a narrow yellow medial band, lanceolate, broadly lanceolate, or oblong, 0–5-lobed; lobes spreading to ascending, linear, long, arising near mid length, apex obtuse to acute. |
3–30 × 3–4 cm; bracts proximally green to dark purplish, distally red to crimson, sometimes pale salmon, linear-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 3–5-lobed; lobes spreading, linear, long, arising below mid length, apex acute, sometimes obtuse. |
Corollas | slightly curved, 20–51 mm; tube 12–21 mm; beak long-exserted, adaxially green, yellow, or red, 12–33 mm; abaxial lip deep green, reduced, 1–2.5 mm, ca. 10% as long as beak; teeth incurved to erect, white, yellow, or green, 0.5–2 mm. |
straight or slightly curved, 20–40 mm; tube 15–23 mm; abaxial lip exserted to included, beak much exserted; beak adaxially yellow-green to reddish, 9–18 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, 0.5–1.5 mm, 5–20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, green, (0–)0.5–1.5 mm. |
Calyces | proximally green to yellow, distally and abruptly colored as in distal bracts, often with a central yellow band, 13–28 mm; abaxial clefts 5–13 mm, adaxial 8–14 mm, clefts 33–70% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 3–9 mm, 20–25% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
colored as bracts, 15–20 mm; abaxial clefts 3.4–6.2 mm, adaxial 4.5–9 mm, clefts 25–33% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–2 mm, 5–10% of calyx length; lobes narrowly triangular, often slightly unequal, apex acute. |
2n | = 48. |
= 48, 72. |
Castilleja pruinosa |
Castilleja montigena |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Aug. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Dry flats, rocky slopes, talus, thickets, open forests and forest edges, usually over serpentine. | Dry rocky slopes, ledges, open conifer forests, thickets, washes. |
Elevation | 50–2600 m. (200–8500 ft.) | 1900–2900 m. (6200–9500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
|
CA
|
Discussion | Castilleja pruinosa is a common and variable paintbrush at moderate elevations in the southern half of the Cascade Range, occurring westward in Oregon and in adjacent northwestern California. It is also found in the northern Sierra Nevada. The often dense pubescence of branched hairs distinguishes it from other similar species within its range. Castilleja gleasoni was sometimes included within C. pruinosa, but C. gleasoni is likely of hybrid origin and occurs only in the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California. There are significant morphological differences between C. gleasoni and C. pruinosa. Castilleja pruinosa forms occasional hybrids with C. applegatei var. pinetorum and with C. brevilobata. In some populations in Douglas and eastern Lane counties, Oregon, C. pruinosa forms introgressive swarms with C. hispida var. hispida. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja montigena is endemic to the northeastern portion of the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California. In the field, this species is consistently and relatively easily distinguished from nearby populations of C. martini var. martini, which it essentially replaces in the northeastern portion of the San Bernardino Mountains. It is apparently of allopolyploid hybrid origin between C. martini var. martini and C. chromosa, which approaches its range from the adjacent Mojave Desert. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 647. | FNA vol. 17, p. 632. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Fernald: Erythea 6: 50. (1898) — (as Castilleia) | Heckard: Syst. Bot. 5: 83, fig. 17 [center]. (1980) |
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