Castilleja pruinosa |
Castilleja kerryana |
|
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frosted Indian paintbrush, frosted paintbrush, pruinose paintbrush |
Kerry's Indian paintbrush, Kerry's paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs to subshrubs, perennial, (1.2–)2–8 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 0.5–19 dm; from a branching, woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | several to many, erect or ascending, branched or unbranched, sometimes with inconspicuous, short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs ± dense, spreading to appressed, whitish or ashy gray, long, soft, much-branched, rarely unbranched, eglandular or obscurely glandular. |
few to many, short-decumbent, becoming upright-ascending, unbranched, hairs moderately dense, spreading to erect, medium length and long, soft, mixed with shorter stipitate-glandular ones. |
Leaves | green, linear-lanceolate to narrowly or broadly lanceolate, 2–8 cm, not fleshy, margins plane to sometimes wavy, flat or involute, 0-lobed, sometimes 3–5-lobed distally, apex obtuse to rounded, sometimes acute; lobes sometimes divergent, ascending-spreading, linear, apex acute. |
greenish to dull purplish brown, linear to linear-lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 1–7 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, (0–)3-lobed, apex acute, distalmost obtuse to rounded; lobes erect, linear-lanceolate to narrowly long-triangular, usually shorter and narrower than central lobe, usually arising at or above mid length, apex acute to rounded. |
Inflorescences | 3–20 × 1.5–4 cm; bracts proximally greenish, distally abruptly red, sometimes yellow, salmon, or orange-red, often with a narrow yellow medial band, lanceolate, broadly lanceolate, or oblong, 0–5-lobed; lobes spreading to ascending, linear, long, arising near mid length, apex obtuse to acute. |
2.5–8 × 2–5(–8) cm at midflowering; bracts red to red-orange, crimson, or magenta throughout, sometimes green, pale orange, rose red, salmon, or yellow throughout, or proximally greenish or dull reddish, distally colored as above, lanceolate to elliptic or oblong, 3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending to erect, linear to lanceolate or narrowly oblong, short or medium length, arising near or above mid length, central lobe apex rounded to acute, lateral ones acute to obtuse. |
Corollas | slightly curved, 20–51 mm; tube 12–21 mm; beak long-exserted, adaxially green, yellow, or red, 12–33 mm; abaxial lip deep green, reduced, 1–2.5 mm, ca. 10% as long as beak; teeth incurved to erect, white, yellow, or green, 0.5–2 mm. |
straight or slightly curved, 24–45(–50) mm; tube 22–38 mm; beak and abaxial lips conspicuously exserted; beak adaxially green to yellow, 8–11 mm; abaxial lip ascending, green, sometimes yellowish or black, slightly inflated, visible through front cleft and subequal to calyx, 4–6.5 mm, 33–50% as long as beak; teeth ascending, pink, white, or rose red, 1–4 mm. |
Calyces | proximally green to yellow, distally and abruptly colored as in distal bracts, often with a central yellow band, 13–28 mm; abaxial clefts 5–13 mm, adaxial 8–14 mm, clefts 33–70% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 3–9 mm, 20–25% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
colored as bracts, 24–44 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 9–18 mm, 30–45% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, 5–10% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to ovate, apex rounded to acute. |
2n | = 48. |
|
Castilleja pruinosa |
Castilleja kerryana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Aug. | Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Dry flats, rocky slopes, talus, thickets, open forests and forest edges, usually over serpentine. | Moist to dry, rocky or gravelly slopes and ridges, scree, talus, krummholz, turf or fellfields, snowfield or meltwater margins, subalpine to alpine, Cambrian limestone. |
Elevation | 50–2600 m. (200–8500 ft.) | 2100–2900 m. (6900–9500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
|
MT |
Discussion | Castilleja pruinosa is a common and variable paintbrush at moderate elevations in the southern half of the Cascade Range, occurring westward in Oregon and in adjacent northwestern California. It is also found in the northern Sierra Nevada. The often dense pubescence of branched hairs distinguishes it from other similar species within its range. Castilleja gleasoni was sometimes included within C. pruinosa, but C. gleasoni is likely of hybrid origin and occurs only in the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California. There are significant morphological differences between C. gleasoni and C. pruinosa. Castilleja pruinosa forms occasional hybrids with C. applegatei var. pinetorum and with C. brevilobata. In some populations in Douglas and eastern Lane counties, Oregon, C. pruinosa forms introgressive swarms with C. hispida var. hispida. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja kerryana is endemic to alpine peaks and ridges around the Scapegoat Plateau of Lewis and Clark County, in the eastern Rocky Mountains of central-western Montana. It is closely associated with and probably parasitic on Dryas hookeriana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 647. | FNA vol. 17, p. 616. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Fernald: Erythea 6: 50. (1898) — (as Castilleia) | J. M. Egger: Phytoneuron 2013-21: 2, figs. 1–6, 10. (2013) |
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