Castilleja nelsonii |
Castilleja kerryana |
|
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Arizona or southern mountains paintbrush, Rincon Mountain Indian paintbrush |
Kerry's Indian paintbrush, Kerry's paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2.5–8(–10) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot or branched root system. | Herbs, perennial, 0.5–19 dm; from a branching, woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | few to many, ascending to erect, unbranched or often strongly and diffusely branched distally, hairs sparse to dense, spreading to matted, long proximally on stem, becoming puberulent distally, ± stiff, eglandular, often mixed with retrorse shorter ones. |
few to many, short-decumbent, becoming upright-ascending, unbranched, hairs moderately dense, spreading to erect, medium length and long, soft, mixed with shorter stipitate-glandular ones. |
Leaves | green, linear-lanceolate or narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 2–6.5(–8) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat to involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex acute; lobes ascending, lanceolate, apex acute to obtuse. |
greenish to dull purplish brown, linear to linear-lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 1–7 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, (0–)3-lobed, apex acute, distalmost obtuse to rounded; lobes erect, linear-lanceolate to narrowly long-triangular, usually shorter and narrower than central lobe, usually arising at or above mid length, apex acute to rounded. |
Inflorescences | (2.5–)5–15 × 2–4.5 cm; bracts proximally greenish, distally scarlet to red or orange-red, rarely yellow or crimson, veins usually yellow or yellow-green, contrasting conspicuously with base color, lanceolate or elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate, 0–3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending, lanceolate to triangular, medium length, arising above mid length, apex rounded to obtuse. |
2.5–8 × 2–5(–8) cm at midflowering; bracts red to red-orange, crimson, or magenta throughout, sometimes green, pale orange, rose red, salmon, or yellow throughout, or proximally greenish or dull reddish, distally colored as above, lanceolate to elliptic or oblong, 3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending to erect, linear to lanceolate or narrowly oblong, short or medium length, arising near or above mid length, central lobe apex rounded to acute, lateral ones acute to obtuse. |
Corollas | slightly curved, 15–35 mm, subequal to calyx or beak partially to strongly exserted; tube 15–17 mm; beak adaxially yellowish green, 10–16 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, ± pouched, 0.5–1.5 mm, 4–10% as long as beak; teeth incurved, deep green, 0.7–1 mm. |
straight or slightly curved, 24–45(–50) mm; tube 22–38 mm; beak and abaxial lips conspicuously exserted; beak adaxially green to yellow, 8–11 mm; abaxial lip ascending, green, sometimes yellowish or black, slightly inflated, visible through front cleft and subequal to calyx, 4–6.5 mm, 33–50% as long as beak; teeth ascending, pink, white, or rose red, 1–4 mm. |
Calyces | mostly yellowish throughout, with a thin reddish apex, 15–27 mm; abaxial clefts (5–)9–11 mm, adaxial 4.5–9.5 mm, clefts 25–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–4 mm, 10–20% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to triangular, apex acute to acuminate, rarely ± obtuse. |
colored as bracts, 24–44 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 9–18 mm, 30–45% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, 5–10% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to ovate, apex rounded to acute. |
2n | = 24. |
|
Castilleja nelsonii |
Castilleja kerryana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Oct. | Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Rocky slopes, meadows, riparian zones, moist ground in open forests, montane to subalpine. | Moist to dry, rocky or gravelly slopes and ridges, scree, talus, krummholz, turf or fellfields, snowfield or meltwater margins, subalpine to alpine, Cambrian limestone. |
Elevation | 1900–3100 m. (6200–10200 ft.) | 2100–2900 m. (6900–9500 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Nayarit, Sonora)
|
MT |
Discussion | Castilleja nelsonii is fairly common in the upper elevations of the so-called sky island ranges from central and eastern Arizona to adjacent New Mexico, southward into the Sierra Madre Occidental, at least as far south as southern Chihuahua, where the type collection was obtained on Cerro Mohinora. Although it was long known in the United States as C. austromontana, the name C. nelsonii has priority. Some specimens from southern Coconino County, Arizona, approach C. miniata, but most material is easily separable. Castilleja nelsonii occasionally hybridizes with C. mogollonica in Apache County, Arizona, near the border of the range of the former. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja kerryana is endemic to alpine peaks and ridges around the Scapegoat Plateau of Lewis and Clark County, in the eastern Rocky Mountains of central-western Montana. It is closely associated with and probably parasitic on Dryas hookeriana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 633. | FNA vol. 17, p. 616. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. austromontana | |
Name authority | Eastwood: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 579. (1909) | J. M. Egger: Phytoneuron 2013-21: 2, figs. 1–6, 10. (2013) |
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