Castilleja montigena |
Castilleja campestris |
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Heckard's Indian paintbrush, Heckard's paintbrush |
field owl's-clover, meadow paintbrush, vernal pool Indian paintbrush, yellow owl's clover |
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Habit | Herbs or subshrubs, perennial, 1.5–4.5 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, annual, (0.3–)0.9–3 dm; with fibrous roots. | ||||
Stems | few to several, decumbent to erect, sometimes leaning, unbranched or often much-branched distally, with a few short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading, short, soft, stipitate-glandular, mixed with long-spreading, eglandular ones. |
solitary or few, erect, unbranched, sometimes branched, glabrous or hairs sparse proximally, spreading, long, soft distally. |
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Leaves | gray-green, sometimes green, lanceolate-linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1–6.5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes wavy, flat to involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex acuminate; lobes spreading-ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute. |
green, sometimes purple-tinged, linear to narrowly lanceolate, (0.4–)1–4 cm, not fleshy, thin and flexible or thick and ± brittle, margins plane, involute, 0-lobed, apex acuminate. |
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Inflorescences | 3–30 × 3–4 cm; bracts proximally green to dark purplish, distally red to crimson, sometimes pale salmon, linear-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 3–5-lobed; lobes spreading, linear, long, arising below mid length, apex acute, sometimes obtuse. |
2–15 × 2–3 cm; bracts green throughout, sometimes purplish tinged, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 0-lobed, apex acute. |
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Corollas | straight or slightly curved, 20–40 mm; tube 15–23 mm; abaxial lip exserted to included, beak much exserted; beak adaxially yellow-green to reddish, 9–18 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, 0.5–1.5 mm, 5–20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, green, (0–)0.5–1.5 mm. |
straight, 11–26 mm; tube 10–22 mm; abaxial lip, beak, and part of tube exserted from calyx; beak adaxially white or yellow, 3–6 mm; abaxial lip yellow, sometimes orange, paler near teeth, prominent, deeply saccate with 3 lobes at ca. 90° from one another, pouches 6–10 mm wide, 3–4 mm deep, abruptly widening from tube, sacs ± round or ± rounded-triangular from above, villous within at base of teeth, 4–5 mm (2–4 mm from sinus), 70–90% as long as beak, puberulent; teeth erect, white, sometimes with deeply colored bases, 0.5–2 mm. |
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Calyces | colored as bracts, 15–20 mm; abaxial clefts 3.4–6.2 mm, adaxial 4.5–9 mm, clefts 25–33% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–2 mm, 5–10% of calyx length; lobes narrowly triangular, often slightly unequal, apex acute. |
proximally green, pale, or purplish, distally purple or green, 5.5–11 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 2–5 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–2.5 mm, 25–30% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular, apex acute to acuminate. |
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2n | = 48, 72. |
= 24. |
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Castilleja montigena |
Castilleja campestris |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Dry rocky slopes, ledges, open conifer forests, thickets, washes. | |||||
Elevation | 1900–2900 m. (6200–9500 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
CA
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Castilleja montigena is endemic to the northeastern portion of the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California. In the field, this species is consistently and relatively easily distinguished from nearby populations of C. martini var. martini, which it essentially replaces in the northeastern portion of the San Bernardino Mountains. It is apparently of allopolyploid hybrid origin between C. martini var. martini and C. chromosa, which approaches its range from the adjacent Mojave Desert. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Castilleja campestris is sometimes confused with Triphysaria eriantha subsp. eriantha, but C. campestris has two-celled anthers and entire leaves, while T. eriantha has one pollen sac per stamen and strongly divided leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 632. | FNA vol. 17, p. 592. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Orthocarpus campestris | |||||
Name authority | Heckard: Syst. Bot. 5: 83, fig. 17 [center]. (1980) | (Bentham) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 656. (1991) | ||||
Web links |