Castilleja lineata |
Castilleja chrymactis |
|
---|---|---|
linear-lobed paintbrush, lineated paintbrush, marsh-meadow Indian paintbrush |
green Indian paintbrush, green paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1–4 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 2.8–6.6 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | few to many, erect or strongly ascending, unbranched except for small, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading-reflexed to ± appressed, matted, long, soft, with much shorter stipitate-glandular ones, white-woolly. |
several to many, erect to ascending, unbranched or branched, sometimes with short, leafy axillary shoots, glabrous or hairs sparse proximally, distally spreading-erect, long, soft, eglandular, mixed with shorter ones. |
Leaves | green, linear to narrowly oblong or narrowly lanceolate, 1.3–5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes wavy, involute, 3–7-lobed, apex acute; lobes divergent, spreading-ascending, linear, apex acute to acuminate. |
green or purple-tinged, sometimes deep purple, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate, (1.5–)5–11.7 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes ± wavy, flat or involute, 0–3(–5)-lobed, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes rounded; lobes erect or ascending, linear, apex acute or acuminate. |
Inflorescences | 5–22 × 1–4.5 cm; bracts green to yellow-green throughout, or proximally green to yellow-green, distally yellow to sometimes pale yellow-orange, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong or broadly lanceolate, 3(–7)-lobed; lobes ascending to spreading, linear to oblong, medium length to long, arising near or below mid length, central lobe apex rounded to obtuse, lateral ones acute. |
3.5–18 × 3–7.5 cm; bracts proximally pale green to dull purplish, distally bright red or scarlet to yellow, orange, yellow-orange, and salmon, sometimes tricolored with central band of deeper purple or deeper shade of the far-distal color, broadly lanceolate, oblong, elliptic, or oblong, 0–3(–9)-lobed; lobes ascending, lanceolate, triangular, or oblong, short, arising at or above mid length, central lobe apex rounded, lateral ones acute to obtuse. |
Corollas | straight or slightly curved, 14–22 mm; tube 7–14 mm; beak tip barely exserted from calyx; beak adaxially greenish, 4–7 mm; abaxial lip green to yellow, reduced, 1–4 mm, usually less than 67% as long as beak; teeth erect, white to yellow, 1–2.5 mm. |
straight to slightly curved, 26–43 mm; tube 16–24 mm; beak exserted, adaxially green to yellow, 9–19 mm; abaxial lip whitish or dark green, reduced, not exserted, sometimes visible through front calyx cleft, 1.5–2 mm, 20% as long as beak, glabrous or sparsely hairy, hairs spreading; teeth reduced, incurved, deep green, 0.5–1 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts, 15–20 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5.5–8 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, ± deeper than laterals, sometimes appearing subequal in pressed specimens, lateral 5–6 mm, ca. 33% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly lanceolate, sometimes expanded towards apices, apex acute. |
colored as bracts, sometimes more deeply pigmented and contrasting with bract coloration, 24–31 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 12–19 mm, 45–65% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 7–11 mm, 25–32% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate, narrowly triangular, or almost oblong, apex acute, sometimes obtuse or acuminate. |
2n | = 24. |
|
Castilleja lineata |
Castilleja chrymactis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering (Jan–)Feb–Sep(–Oct). |
Habitat | Dry to moist slopes and meadows, shores, open conifer forests, montane to alpine. | Glacial outwash plains, river flats, moist or wet openings, beach meadows, roadsides. |
Elevation | 2100–3800 m. (6900–12500 ft.) | 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CO; NM
|
AK |
Discussion | Castilleja lineata is restricted to the mountains of northeastern Arizona, southern Colorado, and northwestern New Mexico. It is uncommon throughout its range and is without apparent close relatives. The Navajo used C. lineata as a medicinal plant and for its sweet nectar (D. E. Moerman 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja chrymactis is restricted to the coast of southeastern Alaska, from Glacier Bay to Yakutat. In some respects, it resembles a hybrid swarm between C. miniata and C. unalaschcensis. If C. chrymactis originated as a hybrid, at present it has formed a number of populations and has a stable morphology that differs from both putative parents, especially in calyx structure. Reports of its introduction to Point Reyes, California (T. I. Chuang and L. R. Heckard 1993b), are based on C. leschkeana, a distinctive species known only from two records near the type locality and presumed to be extinct. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 623. | FNA vol. 17, p. 596. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 4: 151. (1900) — (as Castilleia) | Pennell: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 86: 539. (1934) |
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