Castilleja lineata |
Castilleja christii |
|
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linear-lobed paintbrush, lineated paintbrush, marsh-meadow Indian paintbrush |
Christ's Indian paintbrush, John Christ's paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1–4 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 1.4–3 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | few to many, erect or strongly ascending, unbranched except for small, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading-reflexed to ± appressed, matted, long, soft, with much shorter stipitate-glandular ones, white-woolly. |
several, erect to ascending, unbranched, sometimes branched, glabrous or hairs spreading, short and long, ± stiff, sometimes stipitate-glandular especially distally. |
Leaves | green, linear to narrowly oblong or narrowly lanceolate, 1.3–5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes wavy, involute, 3–7-lobed, apex acute; lobes divergent, spreading-ascending, linear, apex acute to acuminate. |
green, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, (1–)2–5(–6) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat or involute, (0–)3(–5)-lobed, apex acute to rounded; lobes erect or ascending, linear, lanceolate, or triangular, sometimes very small, apex acute to rounded. |
Inflorescences | 5–22 × 1–4.5 cm; bracts green to yellow-green throughout, or proximally green to yellow-green, distally yellow to sometimes pale yellow-orange, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong or broadly lanceolate, 3(–7)-lobed; lobes ascending to spreading, linear to oblong, medium length to long, arising near or below mid length, central lobe apex rounded to obtuse, lateral ones acute. |
3–6 × 2–4 cm; bracts proximally greenish, distally pale orange or pale yellow, sometimes red-orange, lanceolate or narrowly elliptic to ovate, sometimes obovate, 3–5-lobed; lobes ascending, linear, medium length to long, arising at or below mid length, apex acute to obtuse. |
Corollas | straight or slightly curved, 14–22 mm; tube 7–14 mm; beak tip barely exserted from calyx; beak adaxially greenish, 4–7 mm; abaxial lip green to yellow, reduced, 1–4 mm, usually less than 67% as long as beak; teeth erect, white to yellow, 1–2.5 mm. |
straight, 20–30 mm; tube 12–19 mm; beak exserted, adaxially green, 7–12 mm; abaxial lip green, reduced, included or visible through cleft, 1.5–2 mm, 10–20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, deep green, 1.5 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts, 15–20 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5.5–8 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, ± deeper than laterals, sometimes appearing subequal in pressed specimens, lateral 5–6 mm, ca. 33% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly lanceolate, sometimes expanded towards apices, apex acute. |
colored as bracts, 17–22(–24) mm; abaxial clefts 9–12(–13) mm, adaxial 7–11 mm, clefts 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–6.5(–8.5) mm, 20–50% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute to obtuse. |
2n | = 24. |
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Castilleja lineata |
Castilleja christii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Dry to moist slopes and meadows, shores, open conifer forests, montane to alpine. | Gentle slopes, mostly northern aspect, in herbaceous or grassy subalpine to alpine meadows, sagebrush openings and swales, snowbank communities, over quartzite. |
Elevation | 2100–3800 m. (6900–12500 ft.) | 2100–2900 m. (6900–9500 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CO; NM
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ID
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Discussion | Castilleja lineata is restricted to the mountains of northeastern Arizona, southern Colorado, and northwestern New Mexico. It is uncommon throughout its range and is without apparent close relatives. The Navajo used C. lineata as a medicinal plant and for its sweet nectar (D. E. Moerman 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja christii is endemic to subalpine meadows near the summit of Mt. Harrison in the Albion Mountains, Cassia County. Morphologically, it most closely resembles the widespread C. hispida var. acuta, but a recent molecular study (D. L. Clay et al. 2012) presents clear evidence for a homoploid hybrid origin for the species, incorporating portions of the genomes of C. linariifolia and C. miniata. This is the first documented case of homoploid origin in Castilleja. Castilleja christii is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 623. | FNA vol. 17, p. 595. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 4: 151. (1900) — (as Castilleia) | N. H. Holmgren: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 100: 91, fig. 5. (1973) |
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