Castilleja lineata |
Castilleja arachnoidea |
|
---|---|---|
linear-lobed paintbrush, lineated paintbrush, marsh-meadow Indian paintbrush |
cobwebby Indian paintbrush, cobwebby paintbrush, cotton paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1–4 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 0.6–2(–3) dm; from branched, sometimes elongate, creeping basal stems; with a taproot. |
Stems | few to many, erect or strongly ascending, unbranched except for small, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading-reflexed to ± appressed, matted, long, soft, with much shorter stipitate-glandular ones, white-woolly. |
solitary or few to many, decumbent-ascending, unbranched, sometimes branched, hairs dense, reflexed-spreading, matted, long, soft, unbranched, eglandular, white-woolly. |
Leaves | green, linear to narrowly oblong or narrowly lanceolate, 1.3–5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes wavy, involute, 3–7-lobed, apex acute; lobes divergent, spreading-ascending, linear, apex acute to acuminate. |
green to purple or steel gray, lanceolate-linear or narrowly lanceolate, (1–)2–4(–6) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 3(–5)-lobed, apex acute; lobes spreading, linear to lanceolate, apex acute to rounded. |
Inflorescences | 5–22 × 1–4.5 cm; bracts green to yellow-green throughout, or proximally green to yellow-green, distally yellow to sometimes pale yellow-orange, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong or broadly lanceolate, 3(–7)-lobed; lobes ascending to spreading, linear to oblong, medium length to long, arising near or below mid length, central lobe apex rounded to obtuse, lateral ones acute. |
erect to ascending, 3–12 × 1–2.5 cm; bracts proximally greenish to dull reddish brown, rarely dull red or dull orange, distally dull red, deep rusty red, or yellow to pale yellow, sometimes deep pink, dull rose, pale salmon, or dull light orange, rarely green, dull reddish, or dull orange throughout, aging browner and/or more orange, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate to obovate, (0–)3–5-lobed; lobes usually ascending, linear, lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, long, arising near or below mid length, central lobe apex rounded to truncate, others obtuse to rounded. |
Corollas | straight or slightly curved, 14–22 mm; tube 7–14 mm; beak tip barely exserted from calyx; beak adaxially greenish, 4–7 mm; abaxial lip green to yellow, reduced, 1–4 mm, usually less than 67% as long as beak; teeth erect, white to yellow, 1–2.5 mm. |
straight or ± curved, 12–20 mm; tube 9–15 mm; beak subequal to calyx or slightly exserted, adaxially green or yellow-green, (2–)3–5 mm, ± densely puberulent, hairs often crisped; abaxial lip yellow, greenish, pink, or red-violet, moderately conspicuous, exserted to barely included in calyx; pouches shallow, prominent, 2–4 mm, ca. 100% as long as beak; teeth erect, red, pink, or pale yellow, 1 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts, 15–20 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5.5–8 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, ± deeper than laterals, sometimes appearing subequal in pressed specimens, lateral 5–6 mm, ca. 33% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly lanceolate, sometimes expanded towards apices, apex acute. |
colored as bracts, proximal part sometimes paler, (10–)12–19 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 4–8(–10) mm, 33–50% of calyx length, all 4 clefts subequal; lobes linear to lanceolate, apex acute. |
2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
Castilleja lineata |
Castilleja arachnoidea |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering (May–)Jun–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Dry to moist slopes and meadows, shores, open conifer forests, montane to alpine. | Pumice flats, sandy, gravelly, or rocky slopes, ridges and open summits. |
Elevation | 2100–3800 m. (6900–12500 ft.) | 1300–3300 m. (4300–10800 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CO; NM
|
CA; NV; OR
|
Discussion | Castilleja lineata is restricted to the mountains of northeastern Arizona, southern Colorado, and northwestern New Mexico. It is uncommon throughout its range and is without apparent close relatives. The Navajo used C. lineata as a medicinal plant and for its sweet nectar (D. E. Moerman 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja arachnoidea is a remarkably variable species in form and color, but inflorescence colors are often uniform within a population. It is sometimes confused with C. schizotricha, but the two differ in stature, lobing of the leaves and bracts, bract coloration, and inflation of the abaxial lip. They are easily separated by the simple hairs and pale yellow to brick red inflorescences of C. arachnoidea, compared to the pink-purple to deep purple inflorescences and branched hairs of C. schizotricha. The names Castilleja eastwoodiana and C. filifolia represent yellow color forms of C. arachnoidea. A race on the pumice plains of Mt. Shasta in the Cascade Range in California is distinctive. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 623. | FNA vol. 17, p. 590. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. arachnoidea subsp. shastensis, C. eastwoodiana, C. filifolia, C. payneae, C. pumicicola | |
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 4: 151. (1900) — (as Castilleia) | Greenman: Bot. Gaz. 53: 510. (1912) |
Web links |