Castilleja lineariloba |
Castilleja densiflora |
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pale owl-clover, thin-lobed owl's clover |
dense-flower owl's-clover, denseflower Indian paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 1.5–4.5 dm; with fibrous roots. | Herbs, annual, 0.7–4.7 dm; with fibrous roots. | ||||||||
Stems | solitary or few, erect, unbranched or branched, hairs spreading, short to long, ± stiff, mixed with short stipitate-glandular ones. |
solitary, erect, branched, sometimes unbranched, glabrous or glabrate proximally, pubescent distally, hairs moderately dense, spreading, short to long, soft, eglandular, often mixed with short stipitate-glandular ones (except var. obispoënsis). |
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Leaves | green, linear to narrowly lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 2–5.7 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, 3–7(–9)-lobed, apex acuminate to acute; lobes spreading to ascending, linear to narrowly oblong, apex acuminate. |
pale green, linear to broadly lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or ovate, 1.4–9 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat or slightly involute, (0–)3–5-lobed, apex acuminate; lobes ascending, linear to narrowly to sometimes broadly lanceolate, apex acuminate to acute. |
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Inflorescences | 2–14 × 1–4 cm; bracts greenish throughout, or proximally greenish, distally white, cream, pale pink, or pale purple on apices, linear-lanceolate, 5–7(–9)-lobed, sometimes with secondary lobes; lobes ascending to spreading, linear to narrowly oblanceolate, long, arising all along leaf axis, apex acute to obtuse. |
1–16(–20) × 2.5–4 cm; bracts proximally greenish to deep purple, distally white, or pink to pink-purple or reddish purple on apices, if white sometimes aging pink, lanceolate, 3–5-lobed; lobes ascending, linear to oblanceolate, long, arising below mid length, apex acute to acuminate. |
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Corollas | straight or slightly curved, 12–25 mm; tube 9–14 mm, expanded distally; abaxial lip sometimes slightly exserted, never hidden by slender calyx lobes, beak exserted; beak straight, adaxially white or lilac pink, 3–5.5 mm, inconspicuously puberulent; abaxial lip proximally white, distally yellow, with purple or red-brown spots, conspicuous, pouches 3, inflated, 4–6 mm, 4–5 mm wide, 2 mm deep, longer than deep, 1.5–4 mm, 90% as long as beak; teeth erect, white, usually with purple spot at base, 0.5–1 mm. |
straight, 14–29 mm; tube expanded distally; abaxial lip and beak exserted from or equal to calyx; beak straight, adaxially pink, purple, or white, if white often aging light pink, (4–)5–7 mm, densely puberulent, hairs often stipitate-glandular; abaxial lip proximally white or pink to deep purple, expanded part white throughout, or proximally white or purple, or green becoming light pink with age, distally white or yellow (sometimes becoming orange with age), purple or maroon spots or blotches on each lobe, inflated, lobes 3, pouches gradually (to abruptly) widened, 4–6 mm wide, 2–3 mm deep, deeper than tall, 3–7 mm, 80–100% as long as beak; teeth erect, pink, white (often turning pink with age), chartreuse, or purple, sometimes with deep purple spot at base, 1–2.5 mm. |
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Calyces | colored as bracts, 15–25 mm; all 4 clefts subequal, 7–11 mm, 50–67% of calyx length; lobes linear, apices often slightly expanded, apex obtuse to acute. |
colored as bracts, 5–20 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 4.7–15 mm, 33–90% of calyx length, slightly deeper than laterals or all 4 clefts subequal, lateral 3–8 mm, 33–60% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly oblanceolate, apex acute. |
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Filaments | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
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2n | = 20. |
= 24. |
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Castilleja lineariloba |
Castilleja densiflora |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun(–Jul). | |||||||||
Habitat | Grasslands, moist meadows, swales, shores, forest openings. | |||||||||
Elevation | 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.) | |||||||||
Distribution |
CA
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CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | Castilleja lineariloba is endemic to the western slope of the Sierra Nevada. Its chromosome number is 2n = 20, an apparent aneuploid reduction and documented by numerous counts. This diploid number is shared only with two very distantly related annual species endemic to central Mexico, C. gracilis Bentham and C. tenuifolia M. Martens & Galeotti. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). Castilleja densiflora is often confused with C. exserta, and both species are broadly overlapping in both range and habitat, often occurring in close proximity. However, intermediates are remarkably rare. The two are most easily separated by the structure and pubescence of the corollas. In addition to the characters mentioned in the key, C. densiflora usually has a bilobed stigma that is exserted from the apex of the corolla with a more or less vertical orientation, while that of C. exserta emerges horizontally and is capitate. These differences are remarkably consistent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 623. | FNA vol. 17, p. 601. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Orthocarpus linearilobus, O. mariposanus | Orthocarpus densiflorus | ||||||||
Name authority | (Bentham) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 657. (1991) | (Bentham) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 656. (1991) | ||||||||
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