Castilleja lemmonii |
Castilleja martini |
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Lemmon's Indian paintbrush, Lemmon's paintbrush |
Camp Martin paintbrush, Martin's Indian paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 0.8–2.5 dm; from a woody caudex; with slender, branching roots. | Herbs, perennial, 1.5–5(–8) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | ||||
Stems | few to many, decumbent-based to erect, unbranched except for short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs sparse, spreading, medium length to long, soft and dense, short to medium length, stipitate-glandular. |
several to many, erect or ascending, sometimes curved at base, unbranched or branched, sometimes with short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading, short or long and distally short, stiff or soft, stipitate-glandular. |
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Leaves | green or gray-green to purple (sometimes different on stems of same plant), linear-lanceolate, distal sometimes broadly lanceolate, 0.5–4 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex acute to acuminate; lobes ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute to acuminate, rarely obtuse. |
green to sometimes purple, narrowly oblong or lanceolate to sometimes linear or narrowly ovate, (0.8–)1–5(–6.5) cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, flat or involute, 0–5-lobed, apex rounded or obtuse, rarely acute; lobes ascending-spreading or divaricate, linear to narrowly oblong, apex acute. |
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Inflorescences | 2–12 × 1–3 cm; bracts greenish to dull purplish or brownish throughout, or proximally greenish to dull purplish, distally pink to purple or magenta, rarely white, ovate, broadly lanceolate, or oblong, (0–)3–5-lobed; lobes ascending to erect, lanceolate, medium length, arising above mid length, apex acute to rounded. |
2.5–25 × 1.5–4 cm; bracts proximally greenish, distally red, orange-red, or pale orange, rarely yellow, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate to oblong, (0–)3–5(–7)-lobed, plus 1–3 shallow teeth on apex of central lobe (var. clokeyi); lobes ascending or spreading, linear, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or near mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, lateral ones acute. |
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Corollas | slightly curved, 16–21 mm; tube 10–16 mm; abaxial lip sometimes partly exserted, beak usually exserted; beak adaxially green, 6–7 mm, margins red; abaxial lip greenish, inflated, pouches 3, shallow, central pouch shallowly grooved, visible through front cleft, 3–4 mm, 60% as long as beak; teeth erect, violet-purple or pink, 1–2.5 mm. |
straight to slightly curved, (19–)22–45 mm; tube 11–22 mm; abaxial lip rarely exserted, beak exserted; beak adaxially green to yellowish, 9–21(–23) mm; abaxial lip green or deep green with white teeth or red with green teeth, reduced, not inflated, often visible through front cleft, 1–2 mm, ca. 10% as long as beak; teeth incurved, green to white, 0.5–1 mm. |
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Calyces | proximally brown or dull magenta, sometimes green, distally colored as bracts, 12.5–18 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5.5–10.5 mm, 40–65% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–2 mm, 5–15% of calyx length; lobes oblong, apex rounded. |
proximally pale green, green, or whitish, sometimes with a yellow central band, distally colored as bracts, 14–26(–28) mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 3–10 mm, 20–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–5 mm, 15–20% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, oblong, or ovate, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded. |
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Stigmas | greenish to deep bluish purple. |
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2n | = 24. |
= 24, 48, 72. |
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Castilleja lemmonii |
Castilleja martini |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Moist to wet meadows and flats, shorelines, open conifer forests, subalpine and alpine, often over granite. | |||||
Elevation | 1500–3700 m. [4900–12100 ft.] | |||||
Distribution |
CA; NV
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CA; NV; nw Mexico
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Discussion | As delimited here, Castilleja lemmonii is endemic to the highlands of the Sierra Nevada in California and in adjacent Washoe County, Nevada. It differs from C. lassenensis, a plant of volcanic highlands around Mt. Lassen, which has consistently white corollas. Corollas are usually pink to purplish in C. lemmonii. Castilleja lemmonii also tends to have somewhat shorter lateral calyx clefts, though the two species overlap slightly in this character. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja martini is sometimes treated as a subspecies of C. applegatei, but there are relatively consistent morphological discontinuities between these two variable complexes. See notes under 4. C. applegatei. Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 620. | FNA vol. 17, p. 625. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | C. culbertsonii | C. applegatei subsp. martini | ||||
Name authority | A. Gray: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 297. (1878) — (as Castilleia lemmoni) | Abrams: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 69. (1902) | ||||
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