Castilleja hispida |
Castilleja nervata |
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harsh Indian paintbrush, harsh paintbrush, hispid or harsh or bristly paintbrush |
trans-Pecos Indian paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1.3–5(–6) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs or subshrubs, perennial, 3–6(–10) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | ||||
Stems | few to many, erect or ascending, unbranched, sometimes with inconspicuous, short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading to erect, long, soft to stiff, mixed with shorter stipitate-glandular ones. |
solitary or few, ascending to erect, straight, unbranched or branched, hairs dense, spreading, long, stiff, eglandular, mixed with deflexed, short stipitate-glandular ones. |
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Leaves | green, sometimes purple-tinged, margins sometimes red-brown, linear or narrowly to broadly lanceolate to narrowly oblong, oblanceolate, or ovate, 1–8.5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane or wavy, involute or flat, (0–)3–5(–7)-lobed, apex acute to rounded or acuminate; lobes ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, much narrower than mid blade, apex acute to rounded. |
green to purple-tinged, linear-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate or oblanceolate, 1.5–8 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 0-lobed, apex rounded to acute. |
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Inflorescences | 3–16(–30 in fruit) × 2–5 cm; bracts proximally greenish to dull reddish purple, distally red to orange or yellow, sometimes crimson, scarlet, orange-red, red-orange, or burnt orange, often becoming paler and/or duller with age, lanceolate to oblong, ovate, or obovate, 3–5(–11)-lobed; lobes spreading to ascending, linear to oblong or narrowly lanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded or truncate, sometimes emarginate, truncate, or acute, lateral ones acute to obtuse. |
3–16 × 2–4.5 cm; bracts proximally green to deep purple, distally red to red-orange or orange, sometimes with a pale medial band, lanceolate to oblanceolate to ovate or obovate, 0(–3)-lobed; lobes when present upright, ± triangular, short, arising from distal portion, apex obtuse to rounded or truncate. |
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Corollas | slightly curved, 17–38 mm; tube 12–18 mm; beak exserted, adaxially green, sometimes yellowish, rarely red-brown, 9–20 mm; abaxial lip ascending, deep green, reduced, curved, 0.5–3 mm, to 10–33% length of beak; teeth incurved, reduced, green, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
straight, 15–24 mm; tube 11–13 mm; subequal to calyx or tip slightly exserted; beak adaxially whitish to pinkish, 5–11 mm; abaxial lip pale to deep green, reduced, 1–2 mm, 10–20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, green, 1–2.5 mm. |
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Calyces | colored as bracts, sometimes with a yellow band proximal to red to orange apices, or ca. 1/2 yellowish and 1/2 reddish, 12–35 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 7–12 mm, 33–65% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–7 mm, 15–30% of calyx length; lobes triangular, linear, or oblong to lanceolate, apex acute or obtuse to rounded. |
proximally light green, distally deep green, deep purple, or blackish, 15–24 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5–9 mm, 25–45% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–0.5 mm, 0–3% of calyx length; lobes oblong, sometimes emarginate, apex obtuse, rounded, or obliquely truncate. |
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2n | = 24, 48, 96. |
= 24, 48. |
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Castilleja hispida |
Castilleja nervata |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Sep. | |||||
Habitat | Dry south-facing rocky slopes with scattered bunchgrasses and oaks, cliff bases, mesa tops, open pine-oak woodlands, rocky savannas. | |||||
Elevation | 1800–2400 m. (5900–7900 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC
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AZ; Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sonora, Veracruz)
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Castilleja hispida is likely related to C. chromosa, which replaces it geographically to the southeast. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja nervata is a common and widespread Mexican species, from northern Chihuahua and Sonora south to central Oaxaca. It has medicinal value to indigenous peoples of the Sierra Madre. In the flora area, C. nervata is known from a single, presumably extant population in the Chiricahua Mountains in Cochise County, though there are historical records from the Rincon and Santa Rita mountains. The sole recently verified population is on private property and is endangered. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 612. | FNA vol. 17, p. 634. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | C. cruenta | |||||
Name authority | Bentham: in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 105. (1838) | Eastwood: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 574. (1909) | ||||
Web links |