Castilleja hispida |
Castilleja gleasoni |
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harsh Indian paintbrush, harsh paintbrush, hispid or harsh or bristly paintbrush |
Mount Gleason paintbrush, Mt. Gleason paintbrush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1.3–5(–6) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs or subshrubs, perennial, 3–8 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | ||||
Stems | few to many, erect or ascending, unbranched, sometimes with inconspicuous, short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs spreading to erect, long, soft to stiff, mixed with shorter stipitate-glandular ones. |
several to many, erect to ascending, branched, sometimes unbranched, hairs moderately dense, spreading, ± matted, ash gray, branched, sometimes unbranched, medium length, soft, often mixed with shorter, unbranched, stipitate-glandular ones, not obscuring surface. |
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Leaves | green, sometimes purple-tinged, margins sometimes red-brown, linear or narrowly to broadly lanceolate to narrowly oblong, oblanceolate, or ovate, 1–8.5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane or wavy, involute or flat, (0–)3–5(–7)-lobed, apex acute to rounded or acuminate; lobes ascending, linear to narrowly lanceolate, much narrower than mid blade, apex acute to rounded. |
ash gray, linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong or narrowly oblanceolate, 2–6 cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, involute, 0(–3)-lobed, apex acute to obtuse; lobes spreading, narrowly lanceolate, apex acute to obtuse. |
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Inflorescences | 3–16(–30 in fruit) × 2–5 cm; bracts proximally greenish to dull reddish purple, distally red to orange or yellow, sometimes crimson, scarlet, orange-red, red-orange, or burnt orange, often becoming paler and/or duller with age, lanceolate to oblong, ovate, or obovate, 3–5(–11)-lobed; lobes spreading to ascending, linear to oblong or narrowly lanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded or truncate, sometimes emarginate, truncate, or acute, lateral ones acute to obtuse. |
10–15(–30) cm; bracts proximally greenish to dull brownish purple, distally red to deep red or red-orange, lanceolate to oblong or narrowly ovate, (0–)3(–5)-lobed; lobes ascending to spreading, narrowly oblong to narrowly lanceolate, medium length, arising below mid length, center lobe apex obtuse or toothed, lateral ones acute. |
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Corollas | slightly curved, 17–38 mm; tube 12–18 mm; beak exserted, adaxially green, sometimes yellowish, rarely red-brown, 9–20 mm; abaxial lip ascending, deep green, reduced, curved, 0.5–3 mm, to 10–33% length of beak; teeth incurved, reduced, green, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
± straight, 18–30 mm; tube 9–15 mm; beak exserted, adaxially yellow, 9–15(–20) mm; abaxial lip spreading, deep green to ± black, reduced, 0.5–2 mm, 20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, green, 0.2–1 mm. |
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Calyces | colored as bracts, sometimes with a yellow band proximal to red to orange apices, or ca. 1/2 yellowish and 1/2 reddish, 12–35 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 7–12 mm, 33–65% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–7 mm, 15–30% of calyx length; lobes triangular, linear, or oblong to lanceolate, apex acute or obtuse to rounded. |
proximally pale to green, sometimes dull purple, often paler or greener than bracts, distal 1/4 or less colored as bract lobes, 12–17 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 3–8 mm, 40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–3 mm, 20–25% of calyx length; lobes ovate to narrowly triangular, apex obtuse to acute. |
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2n | = 24, 48, 96. |
= 72. |
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Castilleja hispida |
Castilleja gleasoni |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | |||||
Habitat | Ledges, rocky slopes, open yellow pine forests, montane chaparral or sagebrush. | |||||
Elevation | 900–2200 m. (3000–7200 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC
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CA |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Castilleja hispida is likely related to C. chromosa, which replaces it geographically to the southeast. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja gleasoni is an uncommon plant endemic to the upper elevations of the San Gabriel Mountains of Los Angeles County. It was treated as a polyploid derivative of C. affinis var. affinis (as subsp. affinis) × C. foliolosa (T. I. Chuang and L. R. Heckard 1993b), a hypothetical ancestry supported by a chromosome number of 2n = 72. Others have placed it as a subspecies of C. pruinosa, a similar species. However, the morphology of C. gleasoni also suggests it could have originated as a cross between the diploid C. foliolosa and a tetraploid form of C. martini; careful morphological and molecular analyses are needed to determine its true ancestry. Castilleja gleasoni is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 612. | FNA vol. 17, p. 610. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | C. pruinosa subsp. gleasoni | |||||
Name authority | Bentham: in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 105. (1838) | Elmer: Bot. Gaz. 39: 51. (1905) — (as Castilleia) | ||||
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