Castilleja glandulifera |
Castilleja ambigua |
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gland Indian paintbrush, glandular paintbrush, sticky paintbrush |
estuarine paintbrush, johnny-nip, owl-clover paintbrush, paint-brush owl-clover, paintbrush, paintbrush owl's-clover |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1–3 dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, annual, sometimes biennial, 0.6–3.5 dm; with fibrous roots. | ||||||||||||
Stems | few to many, erect or ascending, sometimes decumbent, unbranched or often branched proximally, hairs spreading, medium length and long, soft, mixed with more abundant stipitate-glandular ones. |
few to many, sometimes solitary (var. meadii), ascending or erect, often decumbent proximally, unbranched or branched above base, hairs sparse to moderately dense, spreading, long, soft, eglandular, mixed with short stipitate-glandular hairs. |
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Leaves | green, linear-lanceolate to sometimes narrowly oblong or narrowly oblanceolate, 0.7–3.7 cm, not fleshy, margins wavy, involute, 0(–5)-lobed, apex acute; lateral lobes ascending to erect, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong, usually narrower than center lobe, apex acute. |
green or brownish in upland forms, linear-lanceolate to widely lanceolate, linear, elliptic, obovate, or oblong, rarely ovate or cup-shaped, (0.6–)0.8–5 cm, fleshy or not, margins plane, flat, 3–5(–7)-lobed, apex rounded to obtuse or acuminate, abaxial surface often stipitate-glandular, adaxial sometimes shiny, glabrous; lobes ascending to erect, linear to lanceolate, apex acute or obtuse. |
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Inflorescences | 2.5–10 × 2–5 cm; bracts proximally pale green to pale yellow, distally yellow, whitish, pink, dull red, or purple on apices (sometimes gradually differentiated from proximal coloration), lanceolate, broadly lanceolate, or oblong, 3–5(–7)-lobed, sometimes with secondary lobes; lobes ascending to spreading, linear, sometimes rounded, medium length or distal short, arising near mid length, apex acute to rarely obtuse. |
1.5–9(–13) × 1–4 cm; bracts proximally green, rarely brownish purple, distally white, cream, pink, or purple on apices, lanceolate, oblong, or ovate, (0–)3–5(–7)-lobed; lobes ascending or divaricate-ascending, oblong to linear, short to long, arising below or above mid length, central lobe apex usually rounded to truncate, others acute to obtuse. |
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Corollas | straight or slightly curved, (20–)22–30 mm; tube 15 mm; abaxial lip usually hidden or just visible in abaxial calyx notch, not exserted/longer than calyx, beak exserted; beak straight or slightly curved, adaxially green, 8–11(–12) mm; abaxial lip deep green to yellow, reduced, slightly pouched, 1–2.5 mm, to 20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, green to yellow, 0.5–1 mm. |
straight, 14–24 mm; tube 11–21 mm, expanded distally; abaxial lip and beak usually exserted, beak straight or slightly curved, adaxially white, yellow, or pink, sometimes green or purplish, (1–)4–7 mm, sparsely to densely short-hairy; abaxial lip pale to bright yellow, sometimes becoming pink, orange, or red after anthesis, with red-brown or purple spots at base of each tooth and sometimes at base of each pouch, conspicuous, pouches 3, ± prominent, divergent, saccate, 2–7 × 3–7 mm, (33–)60–75(–90)% as long as beak; teeth erect, sometimes spreading, white, pink, purple, or green, often with whitish bases, 1–3 mm. |
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Calyces | proximally green or pale, distally colored as bracts, 17–21(–23) mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 4–8 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–6 mm, 15–33% of calyx length; lobes linear, narrowly lanceolate, or narrowly triangular to oblong, apex acute. |
green to pale yellowish green or tipped with white or purple, 8–23 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 5–9 mm, 33–50(–67)% of calyx length, lateral 2–5.5 mm, 20–40% of calyx length; lobes linear or narrowly lanceolate to oblong or ± triangular, apex acuminate or narrowly acute to obtuse or rounded. |
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Filaments | glabrous. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Castilleja glandulifera |
Castilleja ambigua |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Dry sagebrush steppes, gravelly or rocky slopes, talus, open conifer forests, subalpine. | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 1400–2500 m. (4600–8200 ft.) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
OR
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CA; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Castilleja glandulifera is endemic to the upper elevations of the Blue and Strawberry mountains of northeastern Oregon, as well as a few adjacent minor ranges. It is related to C. applegatei and C. viscidula, which are the source of reports of C. glandulifera in the Wallowa Mountains and on Steens Mountain. Inflorescences of C. glandulifera are usually white to pale yellow, but in the area around Marble Creek Pass in Baker County, they are multicolored, with a variety of reddish shades mixed in among the yellowish plants. Castilleja glandulifera and C. viscidula share a glandular pubescence, divided leaves, and usually yellowish inflorescences. Castilleja glandulifera is distinguished from C. viscidula by its taller stature, longer corolla beak, and more deeply divided leaves and bracts with linear to linear-lanceolate lobes. Castilleja glandulifera differs from C. applegatei by its unusual leaves and bracts as well as by its habitat and narrower and somewhat shorter corolla beak. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). Castilleja ambigua is a complex species, treated here with four varieties, though many localized variations exist among populations, and these are still incompletely understood. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 610. | FNA vol. 17, p. 584. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | ||||||||||||
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Name authority | Pennell: Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 74: 8. (1941) | Hooker & Arnott: Bot. Beechey Voy., 154. (1833) | ||||||||||||
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