Castilleja chromosa |
Castilleja lasiorhyncha |
|
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desert paintbrush |
San Bernardino Mountains Indian paintbrush, San Bernardino Mountains paintbrush, San Bernardino Mountains. owl's clover |
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Habit | Herbs, sometimes subshrubs, perennial, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, annual, (0.6–)1–3(–4) dm; with fibrous roots. |
Stems | several to many, ascending to erect, often grayish, unbranched, rarely branched, sometimes with short, leafy axillary branches, hairs spreading-erect, long, stiff, eglandular, sometimes also with shorter, stipitate-glandular ones. |
solitary, erect, unbranched or branched, hairs spreading, medium length and long, soft to ± stiff, mixed with shorter stipitate-glandular ones. |
Leaves | gray-green, linear, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, sometimes broadly lanceolate, (1.5–)2.5–6(–7) cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, (0–)3–5(–7)-lobed, sometimes with secondary lobes, apex acuminate to obtuse; lobes spreading, linear, apex acuminate. |
green to purple, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 0.5–4.2 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, flat, 0(–5)-lobed, apex acuminate to acute; lobes ascending to erect, linear to narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate. |
Inflorescences | 2.5–15 (much longer in fruit) × 1.5–5.5 cm; bracts proximally greenish to dull purplish, distally bright red to scarlet or orange-red, rarely yellowish to dull orange or pink, narrowly to broadly linear or lanceolate, narrowly ovate, or oblong-lanceolate, (0–)3–7-lobed, rarely with secondary lobes; lobes spreading, linear to oblong, sometimes oblanceolate, often expanded near tip, long, proximal lobes arising below mid length, apex rounded or obtuse to sometimes acute. |
1.5–15 × 1.5–3 cm; bracts green throughout, or proximally green, distally white to rarely cream on apices, with a tuft of erect, white, soft hairs, especially when immature, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 3–5-lobed; lobes ascending, linear to lanceolate, long, proximal lobes arising near base, apex obtuse to acute. |
Corollas | straight or ± curved, 18–35(–40) mm; tube 8–15 mm; beak short- or long-exserted, adaxially green to yellow-green, (9–)10–18 mm; abaxial lip deep green, reduced, thickened, included to exserted, 2–3 mm, ca. 20% as long as beak; teeth incurved, deep green, 0.5–1 mm. |
straight or slightly curved distally, 12–25 mm; tube 18 mm; abaxial lip and beak exserted; beak adaxially white or pale yellow, 3.5–9 mm, hairs dense, spreading, medium length, obscuring surface; abaxial lip yellow, inflated, abruptly expanded, obpyramidal, pouches 3, central pouch slightly 2-lobed, 4–5 mm deep, 3–8 mm, 75–90% as long as beak; teeth erect, whitish to pale yellow, 1–2 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts, sometimes with broad yellow band below colored lobe apices, (17–)20–27 mm; abaxial clefts 4–10 mm, adaxial 6–12 mm, abaxial ca. 30% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, ca. 15% of calyx length; lobes oblong or ovate to narrowly triangular or lanceolate, apex obtuse to rounded. |
light green, lobes deep green, sometimes purple, 5.5–12 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 2.5–6.5 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, lateral 2–4.5 mm, 30–40% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly lanceolate or triangular, apex acuminate or acute. |
2n | = 24, 48. |
= 24. |
Castilleja chromosa |
Castilleja lasiorhyncha |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Aug(–Nov). | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Dry sagebrush slopes and flats, pinyon-juniper stands, blackbrush, open yellow pine forests. | Springs, moist or wet meadows, flats, open forests. |
Elevation | 500–3200 m. (1600–10500 ft.) | 1000–2500 m. (3300–8200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; NM; NV; OR; UT; WY
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CA
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Discussion | Castilleja chromosa is sometimes confused with 3b. C. angustifolia var. dubia (see discussion there). Castilleja chromosa retains its distinctive morphology across its wide range and is a characteristic species of much of the southwestern United States. Where it overlaps with C. angustifolia, the two are distinguished by inflorescence color and width and by the lengths of the calyx, corolla, and corolla beak. In the broad region of their sympatry, there is little evidence of intergradation, except in a few sites in Elko County, Nevada, and in southern Wyoming. Throughout southern Idaho and northeastern Nevada the range of the two overlap with little or no intergradation. At high elevations in Montrose County, Colorado, C. chromosa has narrower leaves and a longer and silkier pubescence, especially in the inflorescence. Apparent hybrids between C. chromosa and C. flava var. rustica are known from Custer County, Idaho, and hybrids with C. linariifolia are known from Montrose County, Colorado. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Most populations of Castilleja lasiorhyncha are in the San Bernardino Mountains, with a few records in the adjacent Peninsular Ranges immediately to the south. The distal tufts of soft, pale hairs on the immature bracts are apparently unique in the genus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 595. | FNA vol. 17, p. 618. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja | Orobanchaceae > Castilleja |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. ewanii, C. martini subsp. ewanii, C. martini var. ewanii | Orthocarpus lasiorhynchus |
Name authority | A. Nelson: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 245. (1899) — (as Castilleia) | (A. Gray) T. I. Chuang & Heckard: Syst. Bot. 16: 657. (1991) |
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